tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-60958993123993774742024-03-14T03:51:34.528-05:00Testosterone: A Man's GuideLatest clinical and research information on men's health.
Type your question in the following box:Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comBlogger165125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-10153262570522231032013-09-12T11:48:00.001-05:002013-09-12T11:50:43.273-05:00Groundbreaking Study: Testosterone and Estradiol Effects on Body Composition, Strength, and Sexual Function in Men<div class="section" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; line-height: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; line-height: 16px; text-transform: none;">Low testosterone and estradiol blood levels were correlated to lower sexual function. Low T was correlated to loss of lean body mass, muscle size and strength. Low estradiol was correlated to higher body fat.</span></h3>
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BACKGROUND</h3>
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Current approaches to diagnosing testosterone deficiency do not consider the physiological consequences of various testosterone levels or whether deficiencies of testosterone, estradiol, or both account for clinical manifestations.</div>
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METHODS</h3>
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We provided 198 healthy men 20 to 50 years of age with goserelin acetate (to suppress endogenous (body's own) testosterone and estradiol) and randomly assigned them to receive a placebo T gel or 1.25 g, 2.5 g, 5 g, or 10 g of testosterone gel daily for 16 weeks. Another 202 healthy men received goserelin acetate, placebo gel or testosterone gel, and anastrozole (to suppress the conversion of testosterone to estradiol). Changes in the percentage of body fat and in lean mass were the primary outcomes. Subcutaneous- and intraabdominal-fat areas, thigh-muscle area and strength, and sexual function were also assessed.</div>
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RESULTS</h3>
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The percentage of body fat increased in groups receiving placebo or 1.25 g or 2.5 g of testosterone daily without anastrozole (mean testosterone level, 44±13 ng per deciliter, 191±78 ng per deciliter, and 337±173 ng per deciliter, respectively). Lean mass and thigh-muscle area decreased in men receiving placebo and in those receiving 1.25 g of testosterone daily without anastrozole. Leg-press strength fell only with placebo administration. In general, sexual desire declined as the testosterone dose was reduced.</div>
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CONCLUSIONS</h3>
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The amount of testosterone required to maintain lean mass, fat mass, strength, and sexual function varied widely in men. Androgen deficiency accounted for decreases in lean mass, muscle size, and strength; estrogen deficiency primarily accounted for increases in body fat; and both contributed to the decline in sexual function. Our findings support changes in the approach to evaluation and management of hypogonadism in men. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, <a href="http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00114114" style="border: 0px; color: #006892; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank">NCT00114114</a>.)</div>
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Source: <a href="http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1206168" style="font-size: 20px; line-height: 16px;">http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1206168</a></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-32369948645888209602013-08-15T08:31:00.000-05:002013-08-15T08:31:37.230-05:00How Do You Know That You May Need a Testosterone Test? <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-lhz7kHvOHTk/UgzX0f5NN1I/AAAAAAAAhs8/H-SEFi3Pboo/s1600/ADAM.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-lhz7kHvOHTk/UgzX0f5NN1I/AAAAAAAAhs8/H-SEFi3Pboo/s640/ADAM.jpg" width="588" /></a></div>
<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-21492654295157943612013-08-09T15:35:00.003-05:002013-08-09T15:35:57.375-05:0010 REASONS TO AVOID SOY AT ALL COSTS<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-iveONNX5jWw/UgVSoAqTedI/AAAAAAAAhhQ/WDb7ARlB-ZM/s1600/why-soy-is-not-a-health-food2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-iveONNX5jWw/UgVSoAqTedI/AAAAAAAAhhQ/WDb7ARlB-ZM/s1600/why-soy-is-not-a-health-food2.png" /></a></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #555555; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25px; text-align: justify;">In the twentieth century the soybean was one of the two major new crops introduced into the U.S. (the other crop being canola). It has now become the number one export crop and one of the second largest crops for cash sales. Most soybean products are processed into oil (shortening, margarine, cooking oil & salad dressings) and meal. For example, you may have noticed (or may start noticing) the popular ingredient “Soy Lecithin” in many of your foods and household items. There was a time when soy was praised a superfood, from combating cancer and high cholesterol. However, new evidence has emerged with soy’s negative impact on health (and the environment). Read on to discover the deceptions and dangers of soy.</span><br />
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<a href="http://fitlife.tv/10-reasons-to-avoid-soy-at-all-costs/">More information</a>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-86115977799668231812013-07-03T11:07:00.001-05:002013-08-10T17:28:22.563-05:00Men's Health Resources<div style="background-color: white; padding: 0px;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong>HCG info</strong>: <a href="http://testosteronewisdom.blogspot.com/search/label/HCG" rel="nofollow" style="color: #3b5998; cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">http://testosteronewisdom.blogspot.com/search/label/HCG</a></span></div>
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<b>Men's Health Website</b>: www.ExcelMale.com</div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-79478758916919729052013-07-03T09:42:00.000-05:002013-07-03T09:42:50.453-05:00High Blood Pressure Medications and Erectile Dysfunction: Felodipine+ Irbesatan Compared to Felodipine+ Metopronol<div class="cit" style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 0.8465em; line-height: 1.45em;">
The combination of a calcium channel blocker (felodipine) with an ACE II inhibitor (irbesartan) is better than combining felodipine with a beta blocker (metoprolol)</div>
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<span role="menubar"><a abstractlink="yes" alsec="jour" alterm="Cardiology." aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23816755#" role="menuitem" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;" title="Cardiology.">Cardiology.</a></span> 2013 Jun 26;125(4):235-241. [Epub ahead of print]</div>
<h1 style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 1.231em; line-height: 1.125em; margin: 0.375em 0px;">
The Effect of Combined Antihypertensive Treatment (Felodipine with Either Irbesartan or Metoprolol) on Erectile Function: A Randomized Controlled Trial.</h1>
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<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Yang%20L%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23816755" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Yang L</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Yu%20J%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23816755" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Yu J</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Ma%20R%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23816755" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Ma R</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Zhao%20F%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23816755" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Zhao F</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Lin%20X%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23816755" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Lin X</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Liu%20P%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23816755" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Liu P</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Hu%20H%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23816755" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Hu H</a>, <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Bai%20F%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23816755" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; color: #660066;">Bai F</a>.</div>
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Source</h3>
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Department of Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.</div>
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Abstract</h3>
<div class="">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.5em;">
Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether combining a calcium channel blocker with either an angiotensin II receptor blocker or a β-blocker would have similar effects on sexual function in men with hypertension. Methods: This prospective, randomized study (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01238705) included 218 male participants with untreated hypertension. Patients were randomized to treatment with felodipine combined with irbesartan or metoprolol for 48 weeks. Sexual function was evaluated at baseline and after 48 weeks of therapy. The levels of serum sex hormones and markers of oxidative stress were measured at the same time. Results: There was no significant difference in the prevalence of erectile dysfunction before and after treatment in either group (p > 0.05). There were also no differences in the levels of serum testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin or 4-hydroxynonenal before and after treatment in either group (p > 0.05). In the felodipine-irbesartan group, sexual desire scores rose after treatment (p = 0.022) and the concentrations of serum 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and malondialdehyde declined (p < 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively). The between-group differences for 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and malondialdehyde were not significant (p > 0.05, respectively). Conclusion: The results suggest that felodipine-irbesartan may be more beneficial to the sexual desire of hypertensive male patients than felodipine-metoprolol. This effect was possibly relevant to irbesartan, which prevents oxidative stress to some extent.</div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-85223062887723371932013-07-01T12:34:00.004-05:002013-08-23T23:23:23.039-05:00Men Across the U.S. Can Now Defy Low T with Accessible Testosterone Test<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
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<b><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: large;">T
level test for $29 (original price $129)- No Prescription Required- Most US Cities<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: large;">Contact: <span style="color: windowtext;"><a href="mailto:jbruce@defymedical.com">jbruce@defymedical.com</a><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Website: <a href="http://www.defylowt.com/">www.DefyLowT.com</a></span><span style="color: red; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-biPJ4guMo_o/UZ2aRrgyAjI/AAAAAAAAgy0/BMZT4o0EJZw/s261/check-your-t.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="387" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-biPJ4guMo_o/UZ2aRrgyAjI/AAAAAAAAgy0/BMZT4o0EJZw/s400/check-your-t.png" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Tampa
July 2, 2013- </span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="http://defylowt.com/">Defy Medical</a></span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">, a leading integrative health clinic, is removing barriers
for men to know if they have low T by providing an economical testosterone (T) test
with a unbeatable discounted price of $29 (normal full price $ 129). The low T test
is performed by blood analysis at a licensed laboratory with locations across
the US. No prescription is required with
this test accessible nationwide. Test
results are reviewed with a physician at no extra cost.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">“As men age or have certain
health conditions, their T blood levels decline, which can cause low sex drive,
erectile dysfunction, osteoporosis or fracture, sleep disturbance, depressed
mood, lethargy or diminished physical performance”, said Justin Saya, MD, </span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="http://defymedical.com/">Defy Medical’s</a></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> expert physician on hormone replacement. “Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) to attain
healthy blood levels has been shown to improve several of these symptoms for
most men. However side effects or lack
of efficacy can occur with testosterone therapy if not properly monitored ”,
added Dr Saya.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The
overall prevalence of low T (hypogonadism) in the United States is
approximately 39 percent in men 45 years or older according to the 2006
Hypogonadism in Males (HIM) study, one of the largest studies ever done on
testosterone deficiency. “But fewer than
10 percent of men with low T reach out to their doctors since the two main
symptoms of T deficiency, depression and sexual dysfunction, are topics that
many men feel uncomfortable discussing even with their best friends,” said
Nelson Vergel, author of </span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss_1/179-9827993-2450925?url=search-alias%3Daps&field-keywords=nelson+vergel"><i>Testosterone:
A Man’s Guide</i></a></span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> and a long term T expert patient that educates men about
ways to maximize wellbeing. “Luckily, <a href="http://defylowt.com/">DefyLowT.com</a> can help by providing a free symptom questionnaire to determine if
a man would benefit from getting tested along with nationwide access to an
unmatched low price T test”. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">In
addition to providing low cost testing to men across the US, Defy Medical can
help men access therapies designed to reverse the symptoms of Low T and improve
overall health. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: large;">This
easily accessible and economical test can be used by men who:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">1. </span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Have symptoms of low testosterone and have not been
diagnosed with hypogonadism.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">2. </span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Are using testosterone injections, gels, pellets, or creams but
are not sure if these options are raising testosterone to healthy levels. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">3. </span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Are using over-the-counter testosterone boosters but do not
know if they are in fact working as claimed.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">4. </span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Are trying to boost their testosterone naturally and need to
know how well their lifestyle changes are working.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">5. Are healthy and just want to know their T level</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">To
determine if you may have low T, please use the questionnaire provided in the and
information available on </span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="http://defylowt.com/">DefyLowT</a></span></span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> and
watch this video</span><span style="color: red;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: xx-small; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/FJ24sJ1qkSU" width="560"></iframe></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span 560="" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/FJ24sJ1qkSU" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><b>About
Defy Medical:</b> The mission of Defy Medical is to provide each patient
exceptional care while ensuring safety through personalized treatment and
continued education. Defy Medical is dedicated to being a leading concierge
medical practice which focuses on both preventative and restorative therapies.
We are committed to improve the health and wellness of the patients we serve
across the country through personalized treatment and individual care. <span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="http://www.defymedical.com/">www.DefyMedical.com</a></span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span>
</span><br />
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-46931945270475419882013-06-28T16:47:00.007-05:002013-06-28T17:00:46.915-05:00Fatigue: When Testosterone Is Not Enough<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-DljzqPuJsMM/Uc4E0AgR3MI/AAAAAAAAhaA/iCmUpYZweFE/s400/copd-fatigue-400x400.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-DljzqPuJsMM/Uc4E0AgR3MI/AAAAAAAAhaA/iCmUpYZweFE/s400/copd-fatigue-400x400.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<br />
Taken from the book:<a href="http://www.amazon.com/Testosterone-Mans-Guide--Second-Edition/dp/0966223128/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1372456314&sr=8-1&keywords=nelson+vergel" target="_blank">Testosterone: A Man's Guide- by Nelson Vergel</a><br />
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If no
improvements in fatigue are observed after 6 weeks of testosterone replacement,
factors beyond hypogonadism may be present.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Thyroid and
adrenal function should be checked to ensure that those two glands are working
properly. Sleep apnea can also be a factor involved in the failure to improve
stamina. Depression may still need to be addressed with the proper medications
and counseling.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">Thyroid
Function:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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The thyroid
is a butterfly-shaped endocrine gland located in the lower front of the neck.
It produces thyroxine or T4, which is converted to tririodothyronine, or T3. T4
production is controlled by thyroid stimulating hormone or TSH, a hormone
produced by the pituitary. Hypothyroidism, or low thyroid hormone production,
can cause sexual dysfunction as well as depression, fatigue, dry skin and hair,
weight gain and increased sensitivity to the cold. Blood tests to measure TSH,
T4 and T3 are readily available and widely used.<o:p></o:p></div>
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The American Thyroid Association (thyroid.org)
has great comprehensive information on how to determine if you have
hypothyrodism that could be causing your fatigue.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Testosterone
may decrease levels of thyroxin-binding globulin, resulting in decreased total
T4 serum levels and increased resin uptake of T3 and T4. Free thyroid hormone
levels remain unchanged, however, and there is no clinical evidence of thyroid
dysfunction.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Once thyroid
hormone blood levels have been normalized, testosterone tends to increase
naturally.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Adrenal
Function:</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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The adrenal
glands, located in the abdomen above the kidneys, regulate stress in the human
body. When the body encounters an emergency situation, the adrenal glands
release hormones, such as adrenaline, that enable the body to respond
accordingly. You may have encountered this reaction, called the “fight or
flight” response, if you have encountered danger, fear or shock. Adrenal
fatigue is the controversial idea that the adrenal glands can become worn out,
creating illness, if continually over stimulated.<br />
<br />
Proponents of the “adrenal
fatigue” theory hold that the adrenal glands may be overworked in some
individuals and therefore become “fatigued” and unable to produce sufficient
hormones. When your adrenal glands
become exhausted, your natural cortisol levels drop significantly. Cortisol is
your naturally occurring stress hormone. In addition to low sex drive and
infertility, symptoms of adrenal fatigue may include chronic fatigue, low blood
pressure and low blood sugar, dizziness, headaches, anxiety or panic attacks,
depression and other equally debilitating problems.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Some doctors
may prescribe low doses of corticoid steroids if your morning levels of
cortisol (measure by blood, saliva or urine tests) are low. But be careful with corticoid steroids since
they can increase fat mass and decrease bone density if given in doses that
exceed what the healthy adrenals would produce.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">DHEA:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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The adrenal
glands also produce dihydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), the most abundant hormone
found in the blood stream. The body uses DHEA as the starting material for
producing the sex hormones testosterone and estrogen in men. Studies have shown
that it only increases testosterone in women. The production of DHEA diminishes
in most people after age 40. In people aged 70 years, DHEA levels will be
approximately 30 percent lower than what they were at age 25. Low blood levels
of DHEA have been associated with many degenerative conditions.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Some controversial
and non-conclusive studies have shown that people with immune deficiencies and
fatigue may benefit from supplementation with this hormone. It is still
available over-the-counter in the United States. This may change soon due to a new bill passed
by Congress that classifies it as a performance-enhancing steroid (no studies
have shown that it has such effect).<o:p></o:p></div>
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One study
showed that women with the correct levels of DHEA can convert it into
testosterone as their body needs while men do not benefit to the same degree.
You need a blood test to know if you have low DHEA-S since most of the DHEA
converts into this sulfated form. Common doses for women are 5 to 30 mg a day,
while men tend to benefit from 25-100 mg per day (to bring low levels of DHEA-S
to normal)<o:p></o:p><br />
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
NOTE: Do not use
DHEA supplements unless your blood levels of DHEA-S are low. If low, start at a low dose and get your
DHEA-S tested again after a month. Men
who use DHEA supplements may have problems with higher estrogen levels since
DHEA can also metabolize into estradiol. This could result in gynecomastia and
water retention. If you start taking
DHEA, have your blood levels checked to make sure they are not above normal.
There are many claims about DHEA being an anti-aging and an anti-cancer cure,
but none of these claims has been substantiated with strong data.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: large;">Sleep Apnea:</span></b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Sleep apnea
is a sleep disorder in which a person briefly stops breathing or breathes
shallowly many times during sleep and therefore does not get enough restful
sleep; oxygen levels drop in the blood, starving the brain of oxygen. In addition to causing daytime fatigue, it
can increase blood pressure and cardiovascular risks. Testosterone replacement
therapy has been associated with exacerbation of sleep apnea or with the
development of sleep apnea, generally in men who use higher doses of
testosterone or who have other identifiable risk factors for sleep apnea (high
body weight, thick necks, snoring, alcohol consumption, and others). Upper-
airway narrowing does not seem to be caused by testosterone replacement
therapy, suggesting that testosterone replacement contributes to sleep-
disordered breathing by central mechanisms rather than by means of anatomical
changes in the airway.<o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-RBf4QNeQfug/Uc4Gon2DHXI/AAAAAAAAhaY/3sWiJodQzFQ/s350/pic_cpap.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="274" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-RBf4QNeQfug/Uc4Gon2DHXI/AAAAAAAAhaY/3sWiJodQzFQ/s320/pic_cpap.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
If your
spouse or partner complains that you snore loudly at night and you suffer from
fatigue, tell your doctor. The only real
way to find out if you have sleep apnea is to have your doctor refer you to a
sleep lab for a sleep study. If you are
diagnosed with sleep apnea, a <b>Continuous Pressure Airway Pressure (CPAP)
</b>machine can be prescribed to help you open up your airways with a small air
pump while you sleep. Some people love
it while some hate wearing a mask while being hooked up to a machine at night.
I have seen men regain their quality of life after starting CPAP. It is paid by
insurance, Medicare and most HMOs.<o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
A new
emerging option for those who hate CPAP machines with mild to moderate apnea is
the use of <b>oral appliances</b>. Worn in the mouth like an orthodontic appliance
during sleep, oral appliances keep the soft tissue from collapsing and
interrupting normal breathing patterns. The purpose of the oral appliance may
be to reposition the lower jaw, tongue, soft palate, and hyoid bone into a
certain position, to keep the airway open with stabilization of the tongue and
jaw, or to provide artificial muscle tone to prevent collapse and resulting
airway blockage. The doctors will fit your oral appliance for comfort by using
a mold of your mouth to design your unique fit.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Sleep apnea
appliances fall into two categories: fixed and adjustable. Here are brief
descriptions of some commonly used sleep apnea dental appliances:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>TAP® 3
(Thornton Adjustable Positioner)<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The TAP® 3 is
the smallest, most comfortable member of the TAP family. It is a two-part custom-created sleep apnea
appliance that fits over the teeth in much the same way as a sports mouth
guard. The TAP® 3 projects the jaw
forward to prevent the tongue and soft tissues from impeding the airway. The lower jaw positioner is adjustable, which
means that it can be altered to suit the comfort level of the wearer. The TAP®
3 appliance can accommodate the three main types of malocclusion, and allows
the lips to fully close.<o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-g_-RSB1o3b8/Uc4G5DwTGDI/AAAAAAAAhag/NxnT68xuERg/s451/tap.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="201" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-g_-RSB1o3b8/Uc4G5DwTGDI/AAAAAAAAhag/NxnT68xuERg/s320/tap.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>OASYS
Appliance</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The OASYS
appliance is designed to move the base of the tongue toward the front of the
mouth by gently repositioning the jawbone (mandible). This shift opens the
oropharynx and strengthens the upper airway.
An extension of the upper shield projects toward the nose, creating a
larger nasal opening and less resistance to normal airflow. This adjustable
appliance is comfortable to wear and extremely patient friendly.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Klearway Appliance<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The
Klearway Appliance is generally used to alleviate obstructive sleep disorder
and eliminate snoring. The patient or dentist can project the jaw forwards in
increments of .25mm at a time. This
ensures maximum comfort for the sleeper. The Klearway appliance is made from
Variflex heat softening acrylic, which makes it easier to insert. Running
warm water over the appliance makes it pliable, but once placed in the desired
position, the acrylic hardens again.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Herbst
Telescopic Appliance <o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The Herbst
appliance is held in the mouth by clasps and friction grips. It is made of
acrylic, and contains adjustable metal wiring. The advantage of this appliance
is that the wearer is able to move vertically and laterally without dislodging
the appliance. The Herbst appliance is
usually used in mild and moderate cases of sleep apnea, and can also alleviate
loud snoring effectively.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
If you have
questions or concerns about sleep apnea appliances, please ask your dentist. To
locate a dentist in your area that uses these products, visit:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"><a href="http://www.endsnore.com/request-form.aspx">www.endsnore.com/request-form.aspx</a></span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: large;">Stimulants:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Some
physicians prescribe drugs like Nuvigil, Ritalin or Adderall when everything
else fails.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Armodafinil
(brand name Nuvigil) </b>is used to treat excessive sleepiness caused by narcolepsy
(a condition of excessive daytime sleepiness) or shift work sleep disorder
(sleepiness during scheduled waking hours and difficulty falling asleep or
staying asleep during scheduled sleeping hours in people who work at night or
on rotating shifts). Armodafinil is also used along with breathing devices or
other treatments to prevent excessive sleepiness caused by obstructive sleep
apnea/hypopnea syndrome. Armodafinil is in a class of medications called
wakefulness-promoting agents. It works by changing the amounts of certain
natural substances in the area of the brain that controls sleep and
wakefulness. Some insurance companies do not want to pay for it. It is not an amphetamine
and it does not require a special prescription since it not a class III DEA
regulated drug. Many doctors have samples so that you can try it before you
commit to using it. You can get a free 30 day supply with a prescription by printing this coupon: <o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
<a href="http://nuvigil.com/OnDemandCenter/TryNUVIGILFree.aspx">http://nuvigil.com/OnDemandCenter/TryNUVIGILFree.aspx</a><br />
<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Ritalin and
Adderall (both come in cheaper generics) are also being prescribed to people
with severe fatigue that does not respond to usual means.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Ritalin SR, Methylin, Methylin
ER)</b> is used as part of a treatment program to control symptoms of attention
deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults and children. Methylphenidate
is also used to treat narcolepsy. Methylphenidate is in a class of medications
called central nervous system (CNS) stimulants. It works by changing the
amounts of certain natural substances in the brain.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Adderall </b>
is a brand-name
psychostimulant medication composed of racemic amphetamine aspartate
monohydrate, racemic amphetamine sulfate, dextroamphetamine saccharide and
dextroamphetamine sulfate, which is thought to work by increasing the amount of
dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. Adderall is widely reported to
increase alertness, libido, concentration
and overall cognitive
performance while decreasing user fatigue. It is available in two
formulations: IR (Instant Release) and XR (eXtended Release). The immediate
release formulation is indicated for use in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity
Disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy, while the XR formulation is approved for use
only with ADHD. In the United States, Adderall is a Schedule II drug under the
Controlled Substance Act due to having significant abuse and addiction
potential. It requires a triplicate prescription in many states.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
There is some
concerning data on the use of stimulants and increased cardiovascular risks, so
it is important to talk to your doctor about this. Sometimes calculated risks
are taken when nothing else works to regain a normal quality of life!<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
If you and
your doctor decide that stimulants are a reasonable option, you will need to
review the many potential drug interactions, physical health and mental health
complications that can occur.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: large;">Over-the-Counter
Supplement: SAMe<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
SAMe (SAM-e,
S-adenosyl-methionine, or S-adenosyl-L-methionine) is a naturally occurring
compound that is found in every cell in the body. It is produced within the body
from the essential sulfur-containing amino acid methionine. Protein-rich foods
are sources of this amino acid. It is an antioxidant and it has shown to have
liver protecting properties.<o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-mDcVFc1PvDg/Uc4HgoqQ_8I/AAAAAAAAhao/5mOHA7iiOeE/s1000/Jarrow-Formulas-SAM-e-400-790011200208.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-mDcVFc1PvDg/Uc4HgoqQ_8I/AAAAAAAAhao/5mOHA7iiOeE/s320/Jarrow-Formulas-SAM-e-400-790011200208.jpg" width="210" /></a></div>
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
SAMe is
generally considered safe when taken in appropriate doses. People with bipolar
(manic/depressive) disorder should be aware that it could trigger a manic
phase. People taking standard antidepressants, including MAO inhibitors, SSRIs,
and tricyclics should not take SAMe except on a physician’s advice. It has been
shown to help SSRI drugs work better when used in combination. It is fairly
well tolerated but be it can cause jitteriness or gut problems in some.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
I am
convinced that this supplement works for depression and fatigue. I have taken 400 mg twice a day for a few
months and can definitely feel a difference.
I actually get reminded when I do not take it by my having decreased
energy. An added bonus is that it can also decrease liver enzymes.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
SAMe is not
cheap. There are many different manufacturers but I use the Jarrow Formulas
brand, as I trust their quality control.
It comes in foil-protected 200 mg-capsules since it tends to lose its
effectiveness when exposed to air.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Here is a
summary of studies that show that it works as well as commonly prescribed antidepressants,
and also some data on liver function and arthritis pain: <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"><a href="http://www.healthyplace.com/Communities/Depression/treatment/alternative/sam-e.asp">www.healthyplace.com/Communities/Depression/treatment/alternative/sam-e.asp</a></span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
I am also
including a study done at ACRIA that also found benefits in treating depression
in people living with HIV: <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"><a href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=535560">www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=535560</a></span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Talk to your
doctor before taking this supplement. Do not stop taking your antidepressants
to switch to SAMe since it has not been fully studied in large controlled
studies.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Start at a
small dose of 100 mg twice a day on an empty stomach and see how you feel with
that dose. If you do not feel any more energy, increase the dose to 200 mg
twice a day and so on until the maximum dose of 400 mg twice is achieved. You
may have to lower the dose if your start feeling anxious.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
PERSONAL
COMMENTS: Because of terrible bouts with
fatigue in the past, I was referred to a sleep lab and diagnosed with mild
sleep apnea. I tried CPAP with different masks (they are smaller ones with
“nose pillows” and many other designs, so don’t give up early without trying
different styles). I could not get used to it. I have had my thyroid and
adrenal functions checked without finding any problems. I have tried Nuvigil, Adderall, and SAMe with
good results for my fatigue. Unfortunately
I get anxious if I use them for long periods, so I only use them as needed.
What has made the most difference, besides keeping my testosterone in the upper
side of the normal range, is going to bed around the same time at night and
waking up also at the same time. Traveling and other factors can interfere with
maintaining a normal sleep cycle, but the fact is I need to listen to my body’s
needs. I can usually be tired enough to
get better sleep by the time bedtime arrives if I avoid caffeine after 3 pm and
don’t exercise too late at night. Being aware of any potential bouts of
depression and negative thinking has also helped me to be proactive about not
letting my energy levels plummet.<o:p></o:p></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-3938139681903579622013-06-25T13:05:00.003-05:002013-06-25T13:05:57.886-05:00New Condom May Revolutionize Safe Sex Adherence in Men<div style="border: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="font_8" style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-family: Basic, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The ORIGAMI Male Condom™ (<span class="color_25" style="border: 0px; color: #0b4a3f; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="bold" style="border: 0px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">OMC</span></span>) is the first NON-rolled, engineered, silicone condom intended to facilitate a pleasurable and safe sexual experience for the male wearer and his female partner. It is intended to increase consumer acceptability, safety, comfort, and to increase consistent condom compliance for those who engage in vaginal intercourse. The OMC is in clinical research to protect against HIV/AIDS, STD/STI and it will also be tested as an effective contraception strategy.<br /><br />Unlike the conventional rolled latex condom (sensation from outside), the <span class="color_25" style="border: 0px; color: #0b4a3f; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="bold" style="border: 0px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">OMC</span></span> is designed to CREATE <span class="underline" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline;">sensation from the inside</span> with direct tactile contact. It provides a reciprocating motion for the penis inside the internally lubricated condom (not possible with rolled latex condoms).<br /><br />The <span class="color_25" style="border: 0px; color: #0b4a3f; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="bold" style="border: 0px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">OMC</span></span> is an engineered silicone design that independently tested non-allergenic. The<span class="color_25" style="border: 0px; color: #0b4a3f; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span class="bold" style="border: 0px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">OMC</span></span> does not require unrolling like the old latex condom.<br /><br />The folded design provides two important innovations;</span></div>
<div style="border: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="font_8" style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-family: Basic, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="bold" style="border: 0px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> 1.</span> The accordion-folded OMC condom easily drapes onto the penis instantly before intercourse in one quick single movement with no disruption of intimacy, and</span></div>
<div style="border: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="font_8" style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-family: Basic, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="bold" style="border: 0px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> 2.</span> Consistent expansion/contraction of the condom provides a natural reciprocating fluid motion of the penis within the internally lubricated condom.<br /><br />To reach the market the OMC must be reviewed by the WHO, C-Mark (EU), and the FDA (US) to meet regulatory safety standards. The<span class="color_25" style="border: 0px; color: #0b4a3f; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span class="bold" style="border: 0px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">OMC</span></span> began clinical trials in Los Angeles, CA in collaboration with the Department of Research at the California Family Health Council. Large-scale clinical trials will follow to determine its performance safety. The <span class="color_25" style="border: 0px; color: #0b4a3f; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="bold" style="border: 0px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">OMC</span></span> is expected to reach the market in early 2015, pending regulatory approvals.</span></div>
<div style="border: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="font_8" style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-family: Basic, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="border: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="font_8" style="border: 0px; color: #404040; font-family: Basic, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Source: </span><a href="http://www.origamicondoms.com/#!male-condom/c1e2z">http://www.origamicondoms.com/#!male-condom/c1e2z</a><br />
<br />
<br /></div>
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="281" mozallowfullscreen="" src="http://player.vimeo.com/video/50859363" webkitallowfullscreen="" width="500"></iframe> <br />
<a href="http://vimeo.com/50859363">ORIGAMI vs. Latex Condom</a> from <a href="http://vimeo.com/origamicondoms">ORIGAMI Condoms</a> on <a href="http://vimeo.com/">Vimeo</a>.Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-33547133735940323732013-06-21T09:31:00.001-05:002013-06-21T09:31:40.872-05:00Aveed (Nebido- Testosterone Undecanoate) Long Acting Testosterone Dosing<br />
<div class="mvm uiStreamAttachments fbMainStreamAttachment" data-ft="{"type":10,"tn":"H"}" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10.909090995788574px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 12.727272033691406px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 10px; orphans: auto; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div class="clearfix photoRedesign" style="width: 398px; zoom: 1;">
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</div>
<br />
<h5 class="uiStreamMessage userContentWrapper" data-ft="{"type":1,"tn":"K"}" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: black; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 12.727272033691406px; margin: 0px 0px 5px; orphans: auto; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-break: break-word; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
<span class="messageBody" data-ft="{"type":3}" style="color: #333333; line-height: 1.38;"><div>
<span class="userContent"><span style="font-size: small;">The dose used in the US study for Aveed was 750 mg, not the usual 1000 mg approved in most countries. Below is the document submitted to the FDA to explain the coughs issue, etc. The pic shows the dosing in the studies. There was a loading phase and then injections became less frequent. Between 21 and 40 days total T would be under 500 ng/ml. The goal is to be above 300 ng/ml, which will not be enough for most men unless you inject every 750 mg once a month.</span></span></div>
<div>
<span class="userContent"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-X19rKH_o_T0/UcRjmKYUHKI/AAAAAAAAhZc/OMvpIq8S5tc/s1600/6-21-2013+9-23-38+AM.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="385" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-X19rKH_o_T0/UcRjmKYUHKI/AAAAAAAAhZc/OMvpIq8S5tc/s640/6-21-2013+9-23-38+AM.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<div>
<span class="userContent"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /><br /><a href="http://www.fda.gov/downloads/AdvisoryCommittees/CommitteesMeetingMaterials/Drugs/ReproductiveHealthDrugsAdvisoryCommittee/UCM348092.pdf" rel="nofollow nofollow" style="color: #3b5998; cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">http://www.fda.gov/downloads/<wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block;"></span>AdvisoryCommittees/<wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block;"></span>CommitteesMeetingMaterials/<wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block;"></span>Drugs/<wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block;"></span>ReproductiveHealthDrugsAdvisory<wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block;"></span>Committee/UCM348092.pdf</a></span></span></div>
</span></h5>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-2672012987928786482013-06-18T12:50:00.001-05:002013-06-18T12:50:45.895-05:00Testosterone cream improved memory in postmenopausal women<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ePZHFyBokUg/UcCde9TQBOI/AAAAAAAAhY0/w3pIMrdHfuA/s1600/senior-asian-woman.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ePZHFyBokUg/UcCde9TQBOI/AAAAAAAAhY0/w3pIMrdHfuA/s1600/senior-asian-woman.jpg" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 12px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
When used in postmenopausal women, testosterone therapy improved verbal learning and memory, according to data presented at ENDO 2013.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 12px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
“Testosterone is an important hormone for women because it is a building block from which estradiol is made, but it also acts independently throughout the body,” <span style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Susan</span><span style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> R.</span><span style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Davis, MBBS, FRACP</span><span style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">, PhD</span><span style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">, </span><strong style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></strong>of Monash University in Melbourne, Australia, said during a press conference. “There is evidence that testosterone may have a role in brain function in women and in men. We have shown in two pilot studies that the treatment of postmenopausal women with testosterone was associated with improved verbal learning and memory.”</div>
<a href="http://www.healio.com/endocrinology/highlights-from-endo-2013/trandsdermal-testosterone-improved-memory-in-postmenopausal-women" target="_blank">For more information, click here</a>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-4481894785478717472013-06-17T10:53:00.000-05:002013-06-17T10:53:02.182-05:00Men with chronic pain and opioid-induced androgen deficiency may find some pain relief with testosterone replacement therapy<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 20px;"><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 20px;"><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></span>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-nsTNGARS5gA/Ub8wtXJH2kI/AAAAAAAAhYQ/EvCPJLh4kFI/s1600/elbow_pain_male.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-nsTNGARS5gA/Ub8wtXJH2kI/AAAAAAAAhYQ/EvCPJLh4kFI/s400/elbow_pain_male.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 20px;"><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 20px;"><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 20px;"><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>Men with chronic pain and opioid-induced androgen deficiency may find some pain relief with testosterone replacement therapy</b></span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 20px;"><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></span>
<div style="border: 0px; color: #333333; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">"Androgen deficiency can be a problem in both men and women with chronic pain because opioids suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. In men, testosterone levels can be reduced to the castrated range.</span></div>
<div style="border: 0px; color: #333333; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">The idea to use testosterone replacement therapy to improve pain perception and tolerance in men with opioid-induced androgen deficiency is supported by studies of castrated animals, which have shown that the administration of testosterone alleviates pain. Also, women are generally affected more than men by acute and chronic pain"</span></div>
<div style="border: 0px; color: #333333; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">"Mechanical pain was assessed with 10 consecutive stimuli applied with a probe to the forearm. At the 10th stimulus -- when the patient would be feeling the most pain -- -- there was a significant improvement in pain tolerance in the testosterone group relative to the placebo group.</span></div>
<div style="border: 0px; color: #333333; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">Cold tolerance was unaffected by treatment, but the pressure pain threshold was significantly improved in the testosterone group"</span></div>
<div style="border: 0px; color: #333333; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="border: 0px; color: #333333; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><a href="http://www.medpagetoday.com/MeetingCoverage/ENDO/39873" target="_blank">For more information</a></span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-82120574101008941682013-06-08T09:56:00.000-05:002013-06-10T11:31:47.246-05:00Spanish Health Information: Consejos para Maximizar su Salud <div class="WordSection1">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-BWrDPn2eEaw/T47xt2tGs3I/AAAAAAAAel4/5NxdH8A6Fsg/s1600/testosteronafrontcover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-BWrDPn2eEaw/T47xt2tGs3I/AAAAAAAAel4/5NxdH8A6Fsg/s320/testosteronafrontcover.jpg" width="207" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 105%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 57.65pt; margin-top: 0in;">
<b><span lang="ES-MX" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 105%; mso-ansi-language: ES-MX; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 105%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 57.65pt; margin-top: 0in;">
<b><span lang="ES-MX" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 105%; mso-ansi-language: ES-MX; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 105%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 57.65pt; margin-top: 0in;">
<b><span lang="ES-MX" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 105%; mso-ansi-language: ES-MX; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="WordSection11">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 21px; margin: 0.85pt 3.05pt 0.0001pt 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 13.5pt;">
<span lang="ES-MX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Esta informacion proviene del libro: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/La-Testosterona-Hombres-Spanish-Edition/dp/0983773904/ref=sr_1_5?ie=UTF8&qid=1370703207&sr=8-5&keywords=nelson+vergel">La Testosterona- Nelson Vergel</a></span></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 105%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 57.65pt; margin-top: 0in;">
<b><span lang="ES-MX" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 105%; mso-ansi-language: ES-MX; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 105%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 57.65pt; margin-top: 0in;">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV" style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: ES-SV; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Consejos para Maximizar su Salud <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: ES-SV; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Por Nelson Vergel<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Hacer ejercicios con pesas/máquinas de tres
a cuatro veces por semana durante no más de una hora; esto ayuda a fortalecer
los músculos. En días alternos realice ejercicios cardiovasculares (entrenador
elíptico, caminar rápidamente, trotar suavemente, etc.) por lo menos durante 30
minutos al día; esto ayuda a la energía y a la salud integral. ¡Asegúrese que,
durante su ejercicio, sude! Converse sobre su programa de ejercicio con su
médico antes de iniciarlo.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Mida su pecho, muslos, brazos y abdomen al
comienzo de cualquier programa de ejercicio y cada tres meses. Pésese
semanalmente.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Si usted es mayor de 40 años de edad, no es
una mala idea solicitarle a su médico una densitometría ósea corporal completa
con el fin que usted sepa cuántos gramos de músculo, grasa y hueso tiene en
cada parte de su cuerpo, y luego repetirlo cada tres años para monitorear los
cambios. A veces es difícil conseguir una clínica radiológica que realice
densitometria ósea de cuerpo completo toda vez que están acostumbrados a
realizarlas sólo en las caderas o en el área espinal a mujeres menopáusicas con
pérdida ósea.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Tome al menos un multi vitamínico diario en
las comidas. Yo prefiero<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">“Energy
Pack” de la marca Super Nutrition.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><o:p></o:p></span><span lang="ES-SV">• Si usted necesita usar estimulantes, como
café y té verde, úselos sólo con moderación.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Procure que su descanso al dormir sea de
calidad. Converse con su médico si no lo logra.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Canalice el estrés con técnicas de
relajación y pasatiempos. Aprenda a no guardar la ira y no crearse expectativas
inalcanzables.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Expóngase a la luz de del sol por lo menos
20 minutos diarios (evite exponer el rostro). Su cuerpo necesita producir
vitamina D para la salud de sus huesos. Revise sus niveles de vitamina D en la
sangre (pregúntele a su médico acerca de este examen) y, si los mismos se
encuentran bajos, tome suplementos en una dosis mínima de 2000 UI al día.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Sude. Use un podómetro para intentar caminar
por lo menos 10.000 pasos al día. Aumente su actividad cardiovascular
estacionando su auto en un lugar lejos, subiendo las escaleras, paseando al
perro o bailando. ¡Hágalo divertido!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Elija sabiamente sus suplementos. Tenga
cuidado con las compañías que afirman que sus “precursores de la hormona de
crecimiento” funcionan; no es cierto. La mayoría de los suplementos para perder
peso contienen estimulantes que pueden afectar el humor y aumentar la presión
arterial y los riesgos cardiovasculares.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Maneje rápidamente la depresión con ejercicios,
terapias, antidepresivos y un buen sistema de apoyo.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Reciba una vacuna antineumocócica
(Pneumovax) cada cinco años.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">La
Pneumovax es una vacuna contra la neumonía bacteriana.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Si usted nunca ha padecido de hepatitis A o
B, consulte con su médico acerca de cómo adquirir las vacunas para prevenir
dichas enfermedades.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: ES-SV; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Cómo Proteger Su Corazón<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: ES-SV; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• ¡No fume!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Controle el estrés y revise periódicamente
su presión arterial.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Disminuya los triglicéridos altos con ácidos
grasos de Omega 3 (aceite de pescado azul) y reduciendo la ingesta de azúcar.
La Asociación Americana del Corazón (AAC), recomienda ingerir por lo menos dos
servicios semanales de Omega 3, de tres onzas cada uno. Algunos expertos
recomiendan comer semanalmente cuatro servicios de 3 onzas de pescado azul para
las personas con enfermedades del corazón o con factores de riesgo cardíaco.
Los siguientes pescados contienen altos niveles de ácidos grasos de Omega 3:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Anchoas<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Pez azul<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Carpa<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Bagre<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Hipogloso<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Arenque<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Trucha de lago<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Verdel<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Palometas<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Salmón<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Atún<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Mejore la utilización de grasa con 2-4
gramos diarios de L-Carnitina<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">(Es un
suplemento y también un producto farmacéutico.
El nombre de producto comercial bajo prescripción médica: Carnitor).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Aumente su HDL (colesterol bueno) si se
encuentra bajo, tomando Niacina 5500-1500 diario. Comience con dosis bajas para
minimizar la “ruborización” y tome aspirina 20 minutos antes (la marca del
medicamento que se expende con prescripción médica es Niaspan).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Maximice la fibra soluble (ver abajo).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Si todo lo demás no contribuye a disminuir
su colesterol y triglicéridos, use agentes de reducción de lípidos de
prescripción médica (estatina, fibratos, etc.).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Si usted toma medicamentos para reducir los
lípidos, no olvide tomar 300 mg diarios de Coenzima Q10 ya que se ha
descubierto que ésta con- tribuye a disminuir tanto el colesterol como los
triglicéridos en aquellas personas que consumen dichos medicamentos. Este
suplemento puede proteger al corazón y al tejido muscular de cualquier daño.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Tome diariamente una aspirina para bebés de
81 mg (previa aprobación de su médico).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: ES-SV; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Consejos Nutricionales:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Realice sus compras mayormente en el área
externa del mercado donde se encuentran los productos más frescos, como las
carnes y los lácteos/ huevos.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• No obvie el desayuno (¡Tenga cuidado con los
productos que contienen azúcares y harinas refinadas!).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Trate de ingerir muchas comidas en pequeñas
cantidades, o aperitivos, en lugar de dos o tres comidas de grandes
proporciones.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Consuma más almendras, nueces, pacanas y
pistachos (grasas buenas para reducir el colesterol).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Consuma frutas y vegetales de todos los
colores.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Evite las bebidas carbonatadas, dulces y jugos
de frutas (las frutas aparentan ser saludables pero la parte que se usa para
los jugos contiene demasiada azúcar).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Beba mucha agua.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Consuma una comida alta en proteínas y rica
en carbohidratos complejos después de hacer ejercicio.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Minimice el consumo de cafeína (reduce el
apetito pero puede aumentar la ansiedad).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Adquiera una olla de cocción lenta para que
así usted pueda disfrutar de una comida caliente al regresar del trabajo.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Cocine para toda la semana y congélelo en
envases para porciones individuales.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Reduzca las grasas saturadas (animales), las
frituras y los aceites hidrogenados.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Utilice grasas saludables: aceite de oliva,
nueces, aguacates, linaza.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Reduzca el consumo de azúcares como la fructosa
(los dulces, las bebidas carbonatadas y muchos alimentos procesados contienen
jarabe de maíz alto en fructosa).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Consuma cantidades adecuadas (0,7-1 gm/lb/día)
de proteínas (pes- cado, huevos, cuajada de queso, carne magra, pollo, suero de
leche, yogurt, nueces, etc.).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Consuma más carbohidratos altos en fibra,
ricos en nutrientes y fluidos, bajos en caloría y bajos en glicemia: Avena,
panes de granos múltiples, vegetales, frutas, tubérculos, vegetales verdes,
arroz silvestre y granos.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Lista de compras para el mercado:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">○ Almendras y otras nueces<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">○ Granos y otras legumbres<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">○ Espinacas y otros vegetales de
hojas verdes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">○ Lácteos bajos en grasa, yogurt
(estilo griego)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">○ Humus<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">○ Proteína del suero de leche (yo
prefiero la marca Isopure, por cuanto no me causa problemas estomacales y es
muy ligera)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">○ Avena (no los paquetes
pequeños; esos están colmados de azúcar)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">○ Huevos (huevos criollos o
enriquecidos con Omega 3, de ser posible)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">○ Carnes magras<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">○ Panes y pastas integrales<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">○ Mantequilla de maní, de
almendras y de nuez de castaña<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">○ Aceite de oliva y aguacates<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">○ Frambuesas y todas las bayas
(recuerde, no en jugos)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">○ Una copa de vino tinto al día,
ocasionalmente<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">○ Semillas de linaza,
calabaza/auyama y girasol<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">○ Batatas y arroz silvestre<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">○ Té verde<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: ES-SV; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Sugerencias Generales para el Ejercicio Físico:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Existe una
controversia en la literatura acerca de los efectos que causa el ejercicio en
los niveles de testosterona en la sangre. Los resultados encontrados pueden ser
explicados por las diferencias en la intensidad y la duración de la actividad y
las características físicas del individuo (por ejemplo: edad y nivel de
condición física).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">La
actividad intensa de duración relativamente corta puede causar in- crementos
temporales en las concentraciones de la testosterona. Los atletas que entrenan
intensamente pueden experimentar reducciones en los niveles de testosterona,
pero no por debajo del rango clínico normal. Esto no es un fenómeno
necesariamente recurrente.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Es
importante recordar que, cuando se realiza correctamente, el ejercicio puede
traer los siguientes beneficios comprobados que van más allá de sólo lucir
bien:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Mejora en la función y
fortaleza de los músculos<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Reducción de la grasa de la
barriga (vientre)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Aumento de la masa muscular<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Disminución del LDL
(colesterol malo).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Reducción de los
triglicéridos. La hipertrofia (ensanchamiento) mus- cular inducida por el
entrenamiento de resistencia puede disminuir los triglicéridos en aquellos que
presentan niveles elevados.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Mejora del humor y disminución
del estrés.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Aumento en la densidad ósea en
hombres y mujeres.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Mejora en la función aeróbica
y la capacidad pulmonar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV">Dando Inicio<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Existen
algunas cosas que debe considerar antes de iniciar un programa de ejercicio.
Mida su presión arterial, frecuencia cardíaca, peso, dimensiones corporales,
colesterol en ayuna, triglicéridos y azúcar en la sangre. Su médico le indicará
si usted se encuentra apto para hacer ejercicios sin ningún tipo de riesgo en
su salud.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Si se
siente demasiado cansado y débil, comience caminando lo más que pueda todos los
días. Caminar puede aumentar sus niveles de energía, así que inicie un programa
de ejercicios más intenso en la medida que usted se sienta mejor. Use un
podómetro económico para medir sus pasos diarios; intente alcanzar los 10.000
pasos al día, toda vez que esa cantidad ha sido asociada con una buena salud
cardiovascular y pérdida de grasa.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Existen dos
tipos de ejercicios: de resistencia (peso) y cardiovascular (aeróbico). El
entrenamiento de resistencia emplea pesas para inducir el crecimiento del
músculo. El ejercicio cardiovascular mejora la capacidad aeróbica de su cuerpo
(la manera como usa el oxígeno). Además aumenta su metabolismo, así que puede
quemar grasa, reducir su colesterol y triglicéridos y bajar su azúcar en la
sangre. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Realice
ejercicios aeróbicos de bajo impacto durante 20-40 minutos, de tres a cuatro
veces por semana. Los ejercicios como caminar rápido, montar bicicleta (fija o
estática), step (escalinata) y usar una máquina elíptica o una caminadora, son
efectivos. Alternar entre ejercicios diferentes puede ayudar a mantener su
interés. Tenga cuidado con los ejercicios aeróbicos si usted está perdiendo
peso involuntariamente, si se siente excesivamente agotado o si se encuentra en
período de recuperación de alguna enfermedad.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV">Recomendaciones<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Entrene con
pesas y máquinas tres veces por semana, durante una hora máxima. Comenzar con
las máquinas es la forma más segura hasta que se familiarice con los
ejercicios. A medida que se sienta más confiado y fuerte, añada ejercicios de
peso libre (preferiblemente con la ayuda de un compañero de ejercicio). A
medida que usted se fortalezca, aumente el peso en cada ejercicio. Ejercite una
parte del cuerpo por semana, y realice tres ejercicios por cada una. Un set
ligero para calentar y dos sets más pesados de ocho a diez repeticiones hasta
sentir la falla muscular temporal (hasta no poder realizar otra repetición), son
suficientes para cada ejercicio. Si usted no tiene acceso a un gimnasio,
realice flexiones en el piso y sentadillas sosteniendo libros o botellas
grandes llenas de agua en su casa. Mientras usted “resista” el peso de su propio
cuerpo, usted está realizando ejercicio de resistencia. También puede adquirir
un balón de ejercicios y seguir esta excelente rutina en casa: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/Nelson%20desktop/Documents/AABOOKSPANISH/www.myfit.ca/exercisedatabase/%20search.asp?muscle=Home&equipment=yes">www.myfit.ca/exercisedatabase/
search.asp?muscle=Home&equipment=yes</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Para
ejemplos de otros ejercicios que puede realizar en casa, visite:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/Nelson%20desktop/Documents/AABOOKSPANISH/Ejercicios%20caseros">weboflife.nasa.gov/exerciseandaging/chapter4_strength.html</a><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Para
excelentes ejercicios de resistencia en el gimnasio, visite: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><a href="file:///C:/Users/Nelson%20desktop/Documents/AABOOKSPANISH/ejercicios%20de%20resistencia"><span lang="EN-US">www. myfit.ca/exercisedatabase/weight_lifting_exercises.asp</span></a></span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV">Aspectos Importantes para Recordar<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Aprenda a realizar cada ejercicio
correctamente. Concéntrese sólo en usar la forma estricta para aprovechar al
máximo cada ejercicio y pre- venir lesiones.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Asegúrese que sus músculos han entrado en
calor antes de asignarles más peso exigente. Caliéntelos con un set de
ejercicios ligeros de varias repeticiones.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• No use su cuerpo para agregar velocidad;
hacer trampa de esta forma le quitará parte del ejercicio que debe realizar el
músculo. Emplee una velocidad pausada para aumentar la efectividad del movimiento.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Use un rango completo de movimientos en
todos los ejercicios. Sienta cuando el músculo se estira en la parte inferior y
llega a un pico de contracción temporal en la parte superior. ¡No vaya
demasiado rápido!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Realice un calentamiento antes de entrenar y
haga estiramiento después para evitar una lesión. Estire brevemente el grupo
más grande de músculos antes de su entrenamiento. Esto ayuda a la flexibilidad
y la recuperación del músculo. Para rutina de estiramiento, visite: <a href="http://weboflife.nasa.gov/exerciseandaging/chapter4_stretching.html">weboflife.nasa.gov/exerciseandaging/chapter4_stretching.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Sienta los músculos ejercitarse, concentrándose
en lo que está haciendo. Concéntrese en su cuerpo ejercitándose, no en
pensamientos aleatorios ni en las personas a su alrededor.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• Si el peso es demasiado ligero (más de 12
repeticiones), use uno más pesado o realice el movimiento más lentamente y
sienta realmente la contracción. Debería ser dificultoso poder terminar la
décima repetición si el peso que usa es el adecuado. Por supuesto, a medida que
usted se fortalece con el tiempo, aumente el peso.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">• El período de descanso no debe exceder de
20-30 segundos, o menos, dependiendo de qué tan cansado se sienta por el último
set. Esto también lo ayudará a proporcionarle un mini-entrenamiento a su corazón.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV">Primero La Seguridad<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Recuerde
siempre –¡Primero la seguridad! Si algo de lo que usted haga durante un
ejercicio duele, ¡Pare! Pida ayuda para averiguar qué está haciendo mal. Tal
vez sea una forma inapropiada. Si usted se lesiona, retrasará su progreso
porque no querrá entrenar. ¡Aprenda la manera correcta! No haga ejercicio si
tiene síntomas o malestar de resfriado.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV">Comprométase<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Si usted
puede pagarlo, inscríbase en un gimnasio. Al usted pagar el gimnasio, es más
probable que se sienta obligado a permanecer en él, y la perseverancia es la
clave para el éxito en cualquier programa de ejercicio. Además, trate de
conseguir a alguien con quien pueda compartir el entrenamiento de manera
entusiasta, o contrate a un entrenador personal (si puede costearlo). Es más
fácil mantenerse motivado cuando entrena con alguien que tenga un profundo
interés en el éxito de ambos. También es más seguro tener a alguien que lo
vigile cuando usted levanta pesas pesadas.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV">Evite el Sobre entrenamiento<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Entrenar
durante más de una hora puede causar sobre entrenamiento, el cual puede
destruir sus músculos y disminuir su fortaleza. El sobre entrenamiento es,
probablemente, el factor más ignorado por los fanáticos del ejercicio. El
ejercicio prolongado (sobre entrenamiento) puede conllevar a la interrupción de
la producción de testosterona, que posiblemente dure varios días.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Con el
objetivo de fortalecer los músculos, el cuerpo debe recibir un estímulo, un
motivo, para aumentar de tamaño (hipertrofia). En realidad es muy sencillo: el
cuerpo sólo hace lo que necesita hacer, es decir, lo que le es requerido
realizar. Éste no expandirá su masa muscular repentinamente porque anticipe la
necesidad de más músculo. Pero si se le exige mover peso, responderá creciendo.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Otra forma
de verlo es si toma un fisicoculturista y lo coloca en la cama por semanas,
comenzará a perder masa muscular rápidamente porque el cuerpo sentirá que ya no
necesita el extra de la misma. Al levantar peso se envía el estímulo requerido
para comenzar la hipertrofia muscular.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Sin embargo,
hacer ejercicios en exceso estresa el cuerpo y, en realidad, inicia el proceso
de dañar la masa muscular a medida que el cuerpo comienza a quemar sus propios
músculos para emplearlos como fuente de energía. Este sobre entrenamiento es la
razón por la cual muchas personas no crecen a un nivel satisfactorio. Lo que es
peor, con frecuencia estas mismas personas piensan que no están entrenando lo
suficiente.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">¡Ellos
aumentan sus rutinas de ejercicios pensando que solo necesitan mayor estímulo!
Y aquí es donde se comete el mayor error -- ¡más, no es necesariamente mejor!
Parece paradójico que usted puede entrenar menos y crecer más, pero éste es
comúnmente el caso.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Cualquier
ejercicio más allá de la cantidad exacta de estímulo necesario para inducir el
crecimiento óptimo del músculo, se denomina sobre entrenamiento. Sé que esto
suena poco específico, pero varía dependiendo de la persona. Usted necesita
escuchar a su cuerpo.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV">Es Recomendable un Registro de Entrenamiento<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">La mejor
razón del por qué usted debe llevar un registro de sus entrenamientos es con el
objeto que pueda ver gráficamente lo que ha logrado. Usted podrá observar si
está ganando fuerza a un nivel razonable. Usted puede revisar sus patrones para
determinar si se está sobreentrenando. Se dará cuenta, cuando registre sus
entrenamientos, que no aumentará la fuerza o la masa muscular si se está
sobreentrenando. Documente sus entrenamientos llevando un registro del peso que
levanta y la cantidad de repeticiones que realiza por cada ejercicio. Así,
cuando usted entrene nuevamente la siguiente semana, sabrá que es lo que debe
superar. Si usted nota que está más débil que la vez anterior y que todo lo
demás, como la nutrición, etc., está normal, es probable que se esté sobreentrenando.
Para descargar registros de entrenamiento, visite: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/Nelson%20desktop/Documents/AABOOKSPANISH/www.exrx.net/%20WeightTraining/WorkoutLogs.html">www.exrx.net/
WeightTraining/WorkoutLogs.html</a><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV">Alimentos e Hidratación<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Beba por lo
menos ocho vasos de agua diarios para mantenerse hidratado. La deshidratación
puede robarle la energía para sus entrenamientos. Beba mucha agua durante el
ejercicio. Evite bebidas dulces, toda vez que éstas, luego de un breve arranque
de energía, causarán fatiga. A algunas personas les agrada beber té verde o
suplementos de creatinina diluidas en agua, antes de un entrenamiento para
ayudar a aumentar los niveles de energía durante el ejercicio.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Una comida
con carbohidratos ligeros (frutas, bebidas ricas en carbohidratos, etc.) antes
de un entrenamiento, y una comida rica en proteína luego del mismo es
aconsejable. Manténgase bien hidratado con mucha agua durante el ejercicio. Y
descanse bastante después.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">No realice
ejercicios justo después de haber consumido una comida regular; espere al menos
dos horas. Si necesita un aperitivo, coma un poco de fruta y una rebanada de
pan tostado con mantequilla de maní al menos una hora antes de entrenar. No
consuma batidos de proteínas antes de su entrenamiento (déjelas para después).
La digestión hará más lento su entrenamiento y disminuirá su energía. Dentro de
30–60 minutos después del ejercicio, alimente sus músculos con una comida
balanceada que contenga proteína, grasas saludables (aceite de oliva, aceite de
linaza) y carbohidra- tos complejos como frutas y cereales integrales. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Los
suplementos como la glutamina, creatinina y proteína de suero de leche, pueden
ser una buena opción a considerar. Un batido que contenga una cucharada colmada
de glutamina, dos cucharadas de Omega 3, uno o dos servicios de proteína del
suero de leche, un poco de fruta y leche (si usted es intolerante a la lactosa,
utilice leche de almendra o de arroz, pero no de soya, por cuanto ésta puede
elevar el estrógeno tanto en hombres como en mujeres), proporciona una comida
buena y balanceada después de un entrenamiento.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV">Ayudantes Económicos para Hacer Ejercicios en
Casa<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Me encantan
estos tres dispositivos económicos:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">1- Un balón
para ejercicio (medicinal) y bandas elásticas. Usted puede adquirirlo por $14
en la tienda Target o cualquier tienda al detal. Asegúrese que incluya su
propia bomba de aire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Usted puede
guiarse por estas rutinas: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><a href="file:///C:/Users/Nelson%20desktop/Documents/AABOOKSPANISH/www.myfit.ca/exercisedatabase/search.asp?muscle=Ball&equipment=yes">www.myfit.ca/exercisedatabase/search.asp?muscle=Ball&equipment=yes</a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">2- Me
encantan las barras para hacer flexiones que usted puede instalar en los marcos
de las puertas. A continuación le muestro una que no tiene que instalar y es
removible: <a href="file:///C:/Users/Nelson%20desktop/Documents/AABOOKSPANISH/www.amazon.com/Creative-Fitness-DG-%20Door-Gym/dp/B00029A7C0">www.amazon.com/Creative-Fitness-DG-
Door-Gym/dp/B00029A7C0</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">3- Adquiera
su propio podómetro económico en cualquier tienda para garantizar que usted lo
use desde el momento que se despierta hasta el instante que va a dormir.
Asegúrese que usted alcanza cerca de los 10.000 pasos diarios para una mejor
capacidad aeróbica. Recomiendo el podómetro para la cadera, de marca
Omron-HJ-150, que se encuentra disponible en Amazon.com.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV">Recursos para Hacer Ejercicios<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Dos de los
mejores sitios web para video clips de ejercicios y una explicación de la
anatomía son: <a href="http://www.exrx.net/Lists/Directory.html">www.exrx.net/Lists/Directory.html</a>
y <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><a href="file:///C:/Users/Nelson%20desktop/Documents/AABOOKSPANISH/great%20exercise%20site">www.myfit.ca</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Además, se
proporcionan muchas rutinas de ejercicios en nuestro sitio<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Web, <a href="file:///C:/Users/Nelson%20desktop/Documents/AABOOKSPANISH/www.medibolics.com/exercise.html">www.medibolics.com/exercise.html</a><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Usted
igualmente puede conseguir la mayoría de las rutinas de ejercicios y nutrición con
su debida explicación en mis videos:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLd0YoJrwDu7OKb-Ph_FuIu6nesI_qHoJl"><span lang="ES-SV">http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLd0YoJrwDu7OKb-Ph_FuIu6nesI_qHoJl</span></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ES-SV">Buena
suerte y nunca pierda el enfoque en su salud!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<b><span lang="ES-MX" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 105%; mso-ansi-language: ES-MX; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><br /></span></b>
<b><span lang="ES-MX" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 105%; mso-ansi-language: ES-MX; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><br /></span></b>
<br /></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-8048713921419450532013-05-27T00:44:00.004-05:002013-05-27T01:11:50.992-05:00Another New Female Viagra-Like Drug Study?<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
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<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-cgRBzBqfE78/UaLynWU8yQI/AAAAAAAAg0Y/EeCnMxs2uPM/s1600/arousal.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-cgRBzBqfE78/UaLynWU8yQI/AAAAAAAAg0Y/EeCnMxs2uPM/s400/arousal.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
A must read for any man who has a
girlfriend or wife who is not as interested in sex as she used to be. This
long but super interesting article talks about female arousal and the trials of
using two combination drugs. </div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
"Both drugs have a peppermint-flavored
<b>testosterone coating</b> that melts in the mouth. When the exterior is gone, the
woman swallows a delayed-release inner tablet. In <b>Lybrido</b>, this inner pill is a
close <b>cousin of Viagra</b>. The idea is that the Viagra-like molecule, by making
extra blood flow to the genitals and adding to swelling and sensation, will
work in conjunction with the testosterone. Together they will stir the mind to
be more aware of erotic impulses; together they will help spark dopamine
networks. <b>Lybridos</b> uses a compound called buspirone instead of the Viagra-like
substance. <b>Buspirone</b> was originally used as an anti-anxiety medication, and if
taken every day it can elevate serotonin in the brain. But as long as it’s
taken no more than every other day, it has a unique short-term effect: for a
few hours, serotonin is suppressed."</div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
More details : <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/26/magazine/unexcited-there-may-be-a-pill-for-that.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0">The Female Viagra?</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="http://testosteronewisdom.blogspot.com/2012/08/the-use-of-testosterone-replacement-in.html">Testosterone Therapy in Women</a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.youtube.com/user/DefyMedicalClinic?feature=watch">Videos on hormones</a></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-47889632563895124122013-05-15T15:27:00.000-05:002013-05-15T15:42:16.066-05:00Dairy food intake in relation to semen quality and reproductive hormone levels among physically active young men<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-XTwaHlkgDjg/UZPvrAtNPZI/AAAAAAAAgxw/1RekgpP8ddg/s1600/005049.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-XTwaHlkgDjg/UZPvrAtNPZI/AAAAAAAAgxw/1RekgpP8ddg/s320/005049.jpg" width="163" /></a></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 13pt;"><br /></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 13pt;">Afeiche M, Williams PL, Mendiola J, et al. Dairy food intake in relation to semen quality and reproductive hormone levels among physically active young men. Human Reproduction. <a href="http://humrep.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/05/12/humrep.det133.abstract" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">http://humrep.oxfordjournals.<wbr></wbr>org/content/early/2013/05/12/<wbr></wbr>humrep.det133.abstract</a> </span></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt;">STUDY QUESTION Is increased consumption of dairy foods associated with lower semen quality?<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt;">SUMMARY ANSWER We found that intake of full-fat dairy was inversely related to sperm motility and morphology. These associations were driven primarily by intake of cheese and were independent of overall dietary patterns.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt;">WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY It has been suggested that environmental estrogens could be responsible for the putative secular decline in sperm counts. Dairy foods contain large amounts of estrogens. While some studies have suggested dairy as a possible contributing factor for decreased semen quality, this finding has not been consistent across studies.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt;">STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION The Rochester Young Men's Study (n= 189) was a cross-sectional study conducted between 2009 and 2010 at the University of Rochester.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt;">PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Men aged 18–22 years were included in this analysis. Diet was assessed via food frequency questionnaire. Linear regression was used to analyze the relation between dairy intake and conventional semen quality parameters (total sperm count, sperm concentration, progressive motility, morphology and ejaculate volume) adjusting for age, abstinence time, race, smoking status, body mass index, recruitment period, moderate-to-intense exercise, TV watching and total calorie intake.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt;">MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Total dairy food intake was inversely related to sperm morphology (P-trend = 0.004). This association was mostly driven by intake of full-fat dairy foods. The adjusted difference (95% confidence interval) in normal sperm morphology percent was −3.2% (−4.5 to −1.8) between men in the upper half and those in the lower half of full-fat dairy intake (P < 0.0001), while the equivalent contrast for low-fat dairy intake was less pronounced [−1.3% (−2.7 to −0.07; P= 0.06)]. Full-fat dairy intake was also associated with significantly lower percent progressively motile sperm (P= 0.05).<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt;">LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION As it was a cross-sectional study, causal inference is limited.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt;">WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Further research is needed to prove a causal link between a high consumption of full-fat dairy foods and detrimental effects on semen quality. If verified our findings would mean that intake of full-fat dairy foods should be considered in attempts to explain secular trends in semen quality and that men trying to have children should restrict their intake.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt;">STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) European Union Seventh Framework Program (Environment), ‘Developmental Effects of Environment on Reproductive Health’ (DEER) grant 212844. Grant P30 DK046200 and Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award T32 DK007703-16 from the National Institutes of Health. None of the authors has any conflicts of interest to declare.</span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-8353658702896384552013-05-13T21:52:00.001-05:002013-05-13T21:52:31.235-05:00Testosterone Replacement Helps Heal Inside of Blood Vessels<br />
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<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Pc3uFAk9DfY/UZGm3R6J6-I/AAAAAAAAgxc/XdMdpfp-dNw/s1600/ltexp_coronary-artery.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="452" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Pc3uFAk9DfY/UZGm3R6J6-I/AAAAAAAAgxc/XdMdpfp-dNw/s640/ltexp_coronary-artery.gif" width="640" /></a></div>
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Summary</h3>
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Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are bone marrow-derived cells required for endothelial repair. A low EPC number can be considered as an independent predictor of endothelial dysfunction and future cardiovascular events. Recent evidence shows that patients with hypogonadal symptoms without other confounding risk factors have a low number of circulating progenitor cells (PCs) and EPCs, thus highlighting the role of testosterone in the proliferation and differentiation of EPCs. Here, we investigate if testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) can increase circulating EPC number in men with late onset hypogonadism. Forty-six men (age range, 40–73 years; mean age, 58.3 years) with hypogonadal symptoms were recruited, and 29 men with serum total testosterone (TT) levels less than 350 ng/dL received TRT using transdermal testosterone gel (Androgel; 1% testosterone at 5 g/day) for 12 months. Circulating EPC numbers (per 100 000 monocytes) were calculated using flow cytometry. There was no significant association between serum TT levels and the number of circulating EPCs before TRT. Compared with the number of mean circulating EPCs at baseline (9.5 ± 6.2), the number was significantly higher after 3 months (16.6 ± 11.1, <em style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">p</em> = 0.027), 6 months (20.3 ± 15.3, <em style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">p </em>= 0.006) and 12 months (27.2 ± 15.5, <em style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">p</em> = 0.017) of TRT. Thus, we conclude that serum TT levels before TRT are not significantly associated with the number of circulating EPCs in men with late onset hypogonadism. However, TRT can increase the number of circulating EPCs, which implies the benefit of TRT on endothelial function in hypogonadal men.</div>
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<a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.2047-2927.2013.00086.x/abstract;jsessionid=447638BE37FBFB810A8BB663A8286B27.d04t04?deniedAccessCustomisedMessage=&userIsAuthenticated=false">Testosterone increases the number of blood vessel repairing cells</a></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-80402516450637147572013-05-09T23:40:00.002-05:002013-05-22T23:37:45.299-05:00The Prevalence Of Prior Use Of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids In Young Hypogonadal Men<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<b style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;"><span style="font-size: 13pt;">The Prevalence Of Prior Use Of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids In Young Hypogonadal Men</span></b><br />
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<span style="font-size: 13pt;"><a href="http://www.aua2013.org/abstracts/archive/printabstracts.cfm?id=1395" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">http://www.aua2013.org/<wbr></wbr>abstracts/archive/<wbr></wbr>printabstracts.cfm?id=1395</a> <u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt;">Introduction and Objectives - Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) for hypogonadism has increased significantly in the past decade. In 2011, 1.3% of all 19-30 year olds reported prior use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) (Johnson, 2012). This trend has led to a heightened sense of awareness surrounding AAS use and the potential for transient or permanent hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. The prevalence and attitudes of men with a history of prior AAS use presenting with symptomatic hypogonadism requiring TRT has never been reported.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt;">Methods - An anonymous, prospective, IRB-approved survey was distributed to men with symptomatic hypogonadism over a 6-month period in 2012. Basic demographic information and choice of TRT was documented as was the nature and attitudes regarding prior AAS use. Statistical analysis was performed with student’s t-test and Fisher’s exact test <!--0--><!--0--></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt;">Results - A total of 138 men (mean age 45.7 ±11.7) currently receiving TRT for hypogonadism participated, and 31% (n=43; mean age 39.4 ±7.4) reported a history of prior AAS use. <b><span style="color: red;">Among hypogonadal men ≤ 50 years old, 43.6% (n=41) used AAS in the past compared to 4.5% (n=2) in those < 50 years old. </span></b>Men with previous AAS use were 9.1 years younger on presentation than men without an AAS history<!--0--></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: red; font-size: 13pt;">In men with an AAS history, moving forward, treatment for hypogonadism via testosterone injections was preferred by 93%, while 46% without a history of AAS use preferred injections<!--0--></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: red; font-size: 13pt;">Conclusions - Prior AAS use is relatively common in men seeking treatment for symptomatic hypogonadism. Although this only represents one center, the prevalence was approximately ten times higher in hypogonadal men under age 50 years than those over.</span></b><span style="font-size: 13pt;"> This information was not known prior to treatment and highlights the need to be cautious about prescribing TRT to younger patients. Perhaps prescription of alternative medications with lower likelihood for abuse (e.g. selective estrogen receptor modulators or aromatase inhibitors) would be more prudent in younger patients with symptomatic hypogonadism.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-66316675080428559382013-05-09T23:37:00.002-05:002013-05-22T23:38:46.753-05:00Evaluation Of Enclomiphene And Testosterone Gel <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-djmgOmW7mHk/UZ2dKU6AXDI/AAAAAAAAgzY/EfSN92IYElA/s1600/images+(1).jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="291" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-djmgOmW7mHk/UZ2dKU6AXDI/AAAAAAAAgzY/EfSN92IYElA/s400/images+(1).jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt;"><a href="http://www.aua2013.org/abstracts/archive/printabstracts.cfm?id=98768" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">http://www.aua2013.org/<wbr></wbr>abstracts/archive/<wbr></wbr>printabstracts.cfm?id=98768</a> <u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt;">Introduction and Objectives - Enclomiphene, the trans diastereoisomer of clomifene, is a selective oestrogen receptor modulator (SERM) in the pituitary. Blocking the negative oestrogenic feedback results in increased luteinising hormone (LH) levels which then stimulate production of endogenous T. Exogenous T has been shown to reduce spermatogenesis which could be counterproductive in men wishing to preserve fertility. This study compares the impact of enclomiphene with one T gel on certain aspects of endocrine function and spermatogenesis.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt;">Methods - A double-blind, placebo and active control study of two doses of enclomiphene (12.5 and 25 mg) with open-label on-demand T gel in 120 patients with secondary hypogonadism over a 3-month period. Men were 21-65 years and had not received exogenous T within the previous 6 months.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt;">Results - All three active groups exhibited statistically significant increases (ng/dl) from baseline in T compared to placebo (Enclomiphene 12.5 mg 217-472; 25 mg 210 406: T gel 210-463: Placebo 214-199). Enclomiphene at both doses increased LH and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels (mIU/ml) beyond baseline and placebo whereas T gel resulted in a >50% reduction in both pituitary hormones (LH Enclomiphene 12.5 mg 4.4-8.9; 25 mg 5.3-11.7: T gel 3.9-1.4: Placebo 3.9-3.7: FSH Enclomiphene 12.5 mg 6.4-11.5; 25 mg 9.4-14.1: T gel 6.0-2.9: Placebo 6.1-5.4). At baseline, the majority of men in all groups exhibited sperm concentrations above the World Health Organization (WHO) limit of normal (15 million sperm per ml of semen). This was maintained in the enclomiphene groups and the placebo group. However, in 13 out of 23 men in the T gel group the sperm concentration dropped below normal.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt;">Conclusions - Enclomiphene acts at the level of the pituitary as a selective oestrogen receptor modulator to block the negative feedback of oestrogen on the pituitary hormones (LH and FSH). The present study shows that restoration of LH (secondary hypogonadal males having low levels) provides rapid and effective normalisation of T levels with no excursion into the supra-normal range. In addition, preservation of FSH levels in enclomiphene-treated patients ensures that there is no negative impact on sperm function. In contrast, the suppression of sperm function in the T gel group is likely to be a consequence of the observed reduction in FSH. Overall, this study shows that enclomiphene may provide effective therapy in men with secondary hypogonadism, particularly in those wishing to preserve fertility</span></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-91160772295577050772013-05-09T23:34:00.001-05:002013-05-09T23:36:34.826-05:00Testosterone Supplementation Does Not Worsen Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms <br />
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<b><span style="font-size: 13pt;">Testosterone Supplementation Does Not Worsen Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms [Abstract: 1384] <u></u><u></u></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt;"><a href="http://www.aua2013.org/abstracts/archive/printabstracts.cfm?id=1384" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">http://www.aua2013.org/<wbr></wbr>abstracts/archive/<wbr></wbr>printabstracts.cfm?id=1384</a> <u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt;">Introduction and Objectives - Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is commonly used to treat men with hypogonadism; however, there has been caution is using TRT in men with moderate to severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) for fear of worsening their symptoms. The primary objective of this study was to examine the effect of TRT on LUTS in hypogonadal men.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt;">Methods - We retrospectively reviewed Northwestern Memorial Faculty Foundation’s (NMFF) outpatient database and identified patients with a diagnosis of hypogonadism who received TRT from 2002 to 2012. LUTS were assessed by use of the AUASI pre- and post- TRT. Testosterone and PSA were also continuously measured, and all patients were closely monitored for side effects to TRT. Patients who had progression of their LUTS to the point of requiring surgery were included in the study until the point of their operation.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt;">Results - We identified 120 hypogonadal men who underwent TRT, the majority of whom had topical therapy or a combination of topical and pellet based therapy (57.5% and 20.8%, respectively). The mean baseline AUASI was 10.8 and our mean duration of TRT was 23 months.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt;">The mean change in AUASI was -1.07, with a range from -19 to 15. The mean baseline PSA was 1.6 and the mean change in PSA was 0.44, with a range from -10.4 to 11.4. 6.7% of patients had a baseline PSA >4.0, and they had greater improvement in AUASI than those patients with baseline PSA <4 --1.-31.7=""> 3 points while 22.5% had worsening of their AUASI >3 points. Patients with an improved AUASI had a mean PSA change of 0.3, while those who had worsening of their AUASI had a mean PSA change of 0.7 (pNS).<u></u><u></u><!--4--></4></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13pt;">Approximately 7.5% of these men initiated new medications for their LUTS during the course of the study and there was no significant change in their AUASI when compared to patients without any change in their medications. Additionally, 3.3% of patients had progression of their LUTS and required transurethral resection of the prostate.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: red; font-size: 13pt;">Conclusions - We demonstrate that initiating TRT in hypogonadal men does not cause a worsening of their LUTS, in fact many men have an improvement in symptoms while PSA changes appear minor.</span></b><span style="font-size: 13pt;"> Future research should focus on larger patient population studies to further examine this relationship.<u></u><u></u></span></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-68681069681463174442013-05-09T23:32:00.002-05:002013-05-10T07:59:53.151-05:00Variable Accuracy of Testosterone Concentrations in Compounded Testosterone Products<br />
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Accuracy of Testosterone Concentrations in Compounded Testosterone Products</div>
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Ethan Grober; Andrea Bozovic; Fanipour Majid; Vathany Kulasingam; Eleftherios Diamandis</div>
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<strong style="font-family: arial;">Abstract: 1510</strong><br />
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<a href="http://www.aua2013.org/program/plenary.cfm">http://www.aua2013.org/program/plenary.cfm</a></div>
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<span style="font-family: arial;">Many patients with testosterone deficiency inquire about the use of compounded testosterone products as an option for testosterone replacement. The safety and accuracy of the active ingredients within these products is not well established. The current study evaluated the accuracy of the testosterone concentrations within testosterone gels and creams manufactured by compounding pharmacies.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: arial;">Ten compounding pharmacies within Toronto with experience in compounding testosterone products were included in this study. All pharmacies were blinded as to the nature of the study. A standardized prescription for 50mg of compounded testosterone gel/cream applied once daily was presented to each pharmacy. Two independently compounded samples (batch 1 and 2) were analyzed from each of the 10 pharmacies 1 month apart. For quality control, several samples from each batch were tested. Testosterone concentrations in a 5g sachet of Androgel 1% (Abbott) and 5g tube of Testim 1% (Auxilium) were evaluated as controls. Samples were analyzed independently and in a blinded fashion by the Department of Laboratory Medicine at the University of Toronto. Measurement of testosterone concentration was performed using a modified liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry validated for serum testosterone. Results are reported as % testosterone recoved compared to the prescribed testosterone concentration.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: arial;">Compounded formulations included 7 gels and 3 creams with a volume/daily dose ranging from 0.2ml -1.25ml. Product cost ranged from $26 to $75 for a 7-day supply. There was significant variability both within and between pharmacies with respect to the measured concentration of testosterone in the compounded products (Figure 1). In contrast, the concentration of testosterone within Androgel and Testim was consistent and accurate. Collectively, only 50% (batch 1) and 30% (batch 2) of the compounding pharmacies provided a product with a testosterone concentration within +/-20% of the prescribed dose. Two pharmacies compounded products with >20% of the prescribed dose. One pharmacy compounded a product with essentially no testosterone.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: arial;">Testosterone concentrations in compounded testosterone products can be variable and potentially compromise the efficacy and safety of treatment.</span><br />
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-91722120544471436582013-04-29T20:01:00.001-05:002013-04-29T20:03:01.053-05:00Testosterone Injections Helped Obese Men Lose Weight<br />
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<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-TLttenOK56Q/UX8X7qLQHvI/AAAAAAAAglc/htngVYHRC58/s1600/weight-loss-treatments-for-men-obesity-surgery-men-big.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="243" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-TLttenOK56Q/UX8X7qLQHvI/AAAAAAAAglc/htngVYHRC58/s400/weight-loss-treatments-for-men-obesity-surgery-men-big.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Introduction: Abdominal adipose tissue suppresses testosterone production by various mechanisms affecting the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis. Hypogonadism leads to further accumulation of fat mass thus creating a vicious circle. This study analysed the effects of restoring testosterone in obese hypogonadal men.</div>
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Methods: Cumulative, prospective, registry study of 181 men (mean age: 59.11±6.06 years) with testosterone levels below 12.1 nmol/l and a BMI of ≥30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. All men received parenteral testosterone undecanoate 1000 mg/12 weeks following an initial 6-week interval. 89 men were treated 5 years, 114 4 years, 133 3 years, 159 2 years, 181 1 year. The changing numbers do not reflect drop-out rates but are a result of the design as new patients are added once they have received at least 1 year of treatment.</div>
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Results: At the end of the observation period, mean weight (kg) decreased from 114.71±11.59 (minimum 87.0, maximum 139.00) to 93.24±8.49 (min 80.0; max 115.0). This decrease was statistically significant vs baseline .</div>
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Waist circumference (cm) as a measure of abdominal fat decreased from 111.2±7.54 (min 89.00; max 129.00) to 100.47±7.11 (min 84.00; max 117.00), BMI from 36.72±3.72 (min 30.10; max 46.51) to 30.22±2.6 (min 25.66; max 36.71).</div>
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Fasting glucose decreased from 5.84±0.84 to 5.41±0.12 mmol/l, total cholesterol from 7.63±0.95 to 4.9±0.28, LDL from 4.47±1.03 to 2.94±0.93, triglycerides from 3.31±0.56 to 2.17±0.13 mmol/l. Systolic blood pressure decreased from 159.17±15.9 to 139.08±10.99 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure from 96.5±11.01 to 80.39±7.51 mmHg (<em>P</em><00001 p=""><div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">
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Conclusion: Normalising testosterone produced loss of weight/waist circumference and improved metabolic profile. These improvements were progressive over 5 years.</div>
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<a href="http://www.endocrine-abstracts.org/ea/0032/ea0032p740.htm">http://www.endocrine-abstracts.org/ea/0032/ea0032p740.htm</a></div>
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<!--0-->Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-8277619513681841282013-04-26T10:27:00.002-05:002013-04-26T10:27:58.490-05:00Clomid (clomiphene) Increases Testosterone and Sperm Count in Men- But No Mention About Sex Drive<br />
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<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-aYlBIUbXjVk/UXqc6o_m1jI/AAAAAAAAgj8/vHUEQDqo13k/s1600/LH-testosterone.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-aYlBIUbXjVk/UXqc6o_m1jI/AAAAAAAAgj8/vHUEQDqo13k/s400/LH-testosterone.png" width="387" /></a></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Oral Enclomiphene Citrate Stimulates the Endogenous Production of Testosterone and Sperm Counts in Men with Low Testosterone: Comparison with Testosterone Gel. The Journal of Sexual Medicine. <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jsm.12116/abstract" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.<wbr></wbr>com/doi/10.1111/jsm.12116/<wbr></wbr>abstract</a> </span></b><u></u><u></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Introduction - Clomiphene citrate is employed off-label in men who have low testosterone and for the restoration of sperm counts in men who have used exogenous testosterone. Clomiphene is a mixture of two diastereoisomers: zuclomiphene and enclomiphene. We evaluated enclomiphene citrate in men with secondary hypogonadism.</span><u></u><u></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Aim - Our aim was to compare oral enclomiphene citrate as an alternative to topical testosterone.</span><u></u><u></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Main Outcome Measures - Blood levels of total testosterone (TT), estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), sex hormone binding globulin, thyroid stimulation hormone, prolactin, and insulin-like growth factor 1 IGF-1 were measured at certain times after treatment with each agent. Sperm parameters were determined at the same visits. Free testosterone (FT) was calculated.</span><u></u><u></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Methods - This was a proof-of-principle, randomized, open-label, fixed dose, active-control, two-center phase IIB study in 12 men with secondary hypogonadism treated previously with topical testosterone.</span><u></u><u></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Results - After discontinuation of topical testosterone, morning TT values averaged 165</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">±</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">66</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">pg/dL. After 3 months, there was a significant rise in men receiving enclomiphene citrate and gel that was sustained for 3 months. At 6 months, TT levels were 545</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">±</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">268 and 525</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">±</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">256</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">pg/dL for groups receiving the gel and enclomiphene citrate, respectively. Only men in the enclomiphene citrate group demonstrated increased LH and FSH. TT decreased one month posttreatment to pretreatment values. Enclomiphene citrate elevated sperm counts in seven out of seven men at 3 months and six out of six men at 6 months with sperm concentrations in the 75–334</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">×</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">106/mL range. The gel was ineffective in raising sperm counts above 20</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">×</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">106/mL for all five men at 3 months and raised counts in only two or five men at 6 months. At follow-up, only enclomiphene citrate treatment was associated with elevated sperm counts.</span><u></u><u></u></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Conclusions - Enclomiphene citrate increased testosterone and sperm counts. Concomitant changes in LH and FSH suggest normalization of endogenous testosterone production and restoration of sperm counts through the hypothalamic–pituitary–<wbr></wbr>testicular axis.</span><u></u><u></u></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-83411922813858043032013-04-10T15:00:00.002-05:002013-04-10T15:00:54.709-05:00Another Company is Caught Adding an Analog of Viagra to Its "Natural" Testosterone Booster Supplement<br />
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<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-XBaHNyjqHlY/UWXE2eMh3QI/AAAAAAAAgiI/b7EFPDyaTW0/s1600/2_55551_1365561851.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-XBaHNyjqHlY/UWXE2eMh3QI/AAAAAAAAgiI/b7EFPDyaTW0/s320/2_55551_1365561851.jpg" width="225" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Consumer Concepts, Inc. notified the public of a consumer/user level recall of all ROCK-It MAN Male Enhancement Capsules sold between October, 2012 and April, 2013. Analytical tests conducted by the FDA concluded that the product contained hydroxythiohomosildenafil. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Hydroxythiohomosildenafil is an analogue of sildenafil (Viagra) and is expected to possess a similar pharmacological and adverse event profile. Sildenafil is the active pharmaceutical ingredient in a FDA approved drug that is used to treat erectile dysfunction, making these products unapproved new drugs.</span><br />
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<a href="http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/SafetyInformation/SafetyAlertsforHumanMedicalProducts/ucm347125.htm?source=govdelivery">http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/SafetyInformation/SafetyAlertsforHumanMedicalProducts/ucm347125.htm?source=govdelivery</a>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-77633175120617613152013-04-09T16:18:00.002-05:002013-04-09T16:29:26.587-05:00Effect of Age, Body Weight and Smoking on Testosterone in Men<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-afxLVCJhpso/UWSDfRuFDQI/AAAAAAAAghs/RS9bLfkqkI4/s1600/F2.medium.gif" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="520" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-afxLVCJhpso/UWSDfRuFDQI/AAAAAAAAghs/RS9bLfkqkI4/s640/F2.medium.gif" width="640" /></a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">This study showed that </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> 1- Men with higher Body Mass Index (a measure of weight that takes into account height, calculate yours here: http://1.usa.gov/XBIO5K </span><span style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">) had lower testosterone as they aged compared to thinner men. In fact, "a change in BMI from nonobese to obese may be equivalent to a 15 yr fall in T" Note: BMI is a very rough measure that does not take into account muscle or fat mass. A muscular man with little body fat may have high BMI (in my case, my BMI is 30). A better study would measure fat mass, but that tends to be cumbersome and expensive.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> 2- Smoking did not affect testosterone, but it made the pituitary gland send a higher LH signal to testicles, which could be caused by progressive testicular dysfunction. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> 3- Not surprisingly, sex hormone binding globulin increased with age. SHBG binds to testosterone and renders it ineffective. Higher insulin levels and lower IGF-1 levels caused by aging may account for this increase in SHBG.
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">4- Aging causes<span style="background-color: white; color: #403838; line-height: 21.81821632385254px; text-align: justify;"> primary testicular dysfunction with maintained total T and progressively blunted free T associated with higher LH. This interpretation is supported by the age-related attrition of the testicular Leydig cell population and other factors involved with testicular function</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #403838; line-height: 21.81821632385254px; text-align: justify;">. </span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #403838; line-height: 21.81821632385254px; text-align: justify;">Reference: </span></span><a href="http://jcem.endojournals.org/content/93/7/2737.long">http://jcem.endojournals.org/content/93/7/2737.long</a>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-33718383223433297562013-04-08T19:56:00.002-05:002013-04-08T19:59:54.514-05:00Media Sensationalism: Meat and Carnitine are Bad for your Heart<br />
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<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-FmCy1euuyb8/UWNnM7iD61I/AAAAAAAAghc/UAo-X28t31M/s1600/Blood-Test-Heart-Attack.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-FmCy1euuyb8/UWNnM7iD61I/AAAAAAAAghc/UAo-X28t31M/s400/Blood-Test-Heart-Attack.jpg" width="390" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://www.nature.com/nm/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nm.3145.html" style="background-color: white; color: #00a5b5; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25px; text-decoration: none;">This study</a><span style="background-color: white; color: #1e1e1e; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25px;"> was recently published, pushing the hypothesis that </span><a data-content="L-Carnitine is involved in energy metabolism, similar to CoQ10 it is made in the body and consumed via food. Not normally needed, its importance is greatly elevated during deficiency states; possible nootropic even if not deficient. It does not burn fat unless otherwise deficient in L-Carnitine." data-original-title="L-Carnitine" href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/" rel="popover" style="background-color: white; color: #00a5b5; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25px; text-decoration: none;">L-Carnitine</a><span style="background-color: white; color: #1e1e1e; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25px;"> in meats could be a connection between meats and cardiovascular disease risk, via TMAO (Trimethylamine oxide). It has received a lot of media coverage today. But there is a lot of speculation in this study.</span><br />
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<a href="http://examine.com/blog/media-sensationalism:-meat-is-bad-for-your-heart/">For more click here</a><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #1e1e1e; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24.5px; line-height: 40px;">Carnitine and Heart Disease- Positive Results</span><br />
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8.1. Blood Pressure</h4>
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ALCAR in conjunction with ALA can potentially reduce hypertension in via their combined anti-oxidant and pro-energetic effects<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref165" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[165]</a></sup> as well as insulin resistance and glucose tolerance in those with compromised cardiac health<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref166" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[166]</a></sup> with minimal to no side-effects at the dosage of 2g a day. At this dose of 2g daily, it has been implicating in reducing blood pressure in persons with poor glucose tolerance by almost 10 points systolic, with some decrease in diastolic as well.<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref49" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[49]</a></sup></div>
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A dose of 4.5g GPLC has been shown to increase nitric oxide levels after 28 days of supplementation in <em>some</em> persons,<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref1" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[1]</a></sup> and does so at a dose of 3g as well.<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref33" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[33]</a></sup></div>
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May benefit blood pressure in unhealthy persons (metabolic syndrome, high blood pressure). Has the mechanisms to improve blood pressure independent of a disease state via nitric oxide, but it is unclear how it affects blood pressure in those with normal blood pressure.</blockquote>
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8.2. Disorders of Blood Flow</h4>
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Carnitine, in the form of Propionyl-L-Carnitine (PLC, or GPLC if bound to Glycine), has been shown to improve symptoms of intermittent claudication. PLC supplementation at a dose of 1-3g a day seems to reliably increase maximum walking time in persons suffering from intermittent claudication<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref14" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[14]</a></sup><sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref167" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[167]</a></sup><sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref15" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[15]</a></sup> and improve quality of life.<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref13" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[13]</a></sup> The benefit does not appear to be dose dependent, and seems to benefit persons with more severe symptoms to a greater degree than persons with lesser symptoms.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #1e1e1e; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5625em; margin-bottom: 10px;">
PLC aids peripheral arterial diseases in general as it increases peripheral microcirculation.<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref168" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[168]</a></sup><sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref169" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[169]</a></sup> In persons with peripheral arterial diseases, PLC supplementation can increase strength and exercise performance<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref170" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[170]</a></sup> although exercise itself can also be seen as therapeutic.<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref171" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[171]</a></sup></div>
<blockquote style="background-color: #c2e4ea; border-left-color: rgb(0, 165, 181); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 5px; color: #1e1e1e; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 15px;">
Quite promising for periphery artery disease and intermittent claudication</blockquote>
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<span id="summary8-2"></span></div>
<h4 style="background-color: white; color: #1e1e1e; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17.5px; line-height: 20px; margin: 10px 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">
8.3. Aging</h4>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #1e1e1e; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5625em; margin-bottom: 10px;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #1e1e1e; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5625em; margin-bottom: 10px;">
During aging, defects in oxidative phosphorylation occur exclusively in Interfibrillar mitochondria, located between myofibrils.<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref172" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[172]</a></sup><sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref173" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[173]</a></sup> Due to substrate poorly oxidized when introduced into complexes I, III, and IV and not alleviated by uncoupling it appears the aging 'defect' associated with cardiac mitochondria is located in the Electron Transport Chain.<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref113" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[113]</a></sup>Enzymatic activity of complexes III (through cytochrome C binding) and IV also appear to be decreased during cardiac aging.<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref172" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[172]</a></sup><sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref174" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[174]</a></sup><sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref175" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[175]</a></sup></div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #1e1e1e; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5625em; margin-bottom: 10px;">
It appears these damages may be secondary to cardiac Ischemia.<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref113" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[113]</a></sup> Ischemia causes damage to the Electron Transport Chain after 10-20 minutes via reducing activity of complex I<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref176" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[176]</a></sup> and reducing phosphorylation at complex V and adenine dinucleotide translocase.<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref177" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[177]</a></sup><sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref178" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[178]</a></sup> Complex III<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref176" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[176]</a></sup> and IV<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref179" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[179]</a></sup> are hindered at longer periods of Ischemia. It appears that the general process of Ischemia hits elderly persons harder than youth<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref180" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[180]</a></sup> despite some level of damage at both ages.<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref181" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[181]</a></sup></div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #1e1e1e; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5625em; margin-bottom: 10px;">
Acetyl-L-Carnitine is proposed to target these defects its various mitochondrial benefits, discussed elsewhere. One such benefit is seen when aged rats were given a bolus of Acetyl-L-Carnitine 3 hours before cardiac Ischemia, and suffered less damage.<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref182" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[182]</a></sup> The same benefits were not seen with adult hearts subject to Ischemia, and the damage induced to aged hearts defaulted to similar levels as adult hearts.<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref182" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[182]</a></sup><sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref113" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[113]</a></sup></div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #1e1e1e; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5625em; margin-bottom: 10px;">
Another possible mechanism is increasing levels of CPT1 in the myocardium, without affecting overall carnitine levels.<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref183" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[183]</a></sup> A decline of this rate-limiting step is seen during aging, thus upregulating it may attenuate changes seen with aging. It has been noted in human hearts that less fatty acid oxidation occurs with aging, causing a shift towards cardiac glucose metabolism<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref184" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[184]</a></sup>which are thought to be due to less CPT1 activity.<sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref185" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[185]</a></sup><sup style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://examine.com/supplements/L-Carnitine/#ref186" style="color: #00a5b5; text-decoration: none;">[186]</a></sup></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07508096149475469122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6095899312399377474.post-69431853837208322062013-04-03T17:11:00.000-05:002013-04-03T23:04:32.852-05:00Blood Analysis Reference TableFrom the book:<b style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">ANABOLIC
STEROIDS-</span></b><b style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">A QUESTION OF MUSCLE-</span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">PROBLEMS & SOLUTIONS (By Michael Scally)</span></span></b><br />
<div align="center">
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border: outset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: outset #111111 .75pt; mso-cellspacing: 1.4pt; mso-padding-alt: .7pt .7pt .7pt .7pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; width: 780px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Test</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Reference Range</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 10pt;">
<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Alanine
aminotransferase (ALT, SGPT) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Levels are
extremely increased in cases of liver cell necrosis of any cause, right heart
failure, acute anoxia, extensive trauma, or left heart failure. A slightly
high level may indicate cirrhosis, obstructive jaundice, liver tumors,
extensive myocardial infarction, myositis, muscular dystrophy, fatty liver,
chronic alcohol abuse, or severe pancreatitis. Levels will by low in cases of
pyridoxal phosphate deficiency</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Female
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">7-30 U/liter </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Male
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">10-55 U/liter </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Albumin </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">There is no
naturally occurring hyperalbuminemia. Any condition that results in the
decrease of plasma water will increase the concentration of all plasma
proteins, including albumin. Low concentrations of blood albumin may be due
to acute and chronic inflammation, decreased synthesis by the liver,
increased loss via body surfaces, increased catabolism, or increased blood
volume. *albumin is the principal oncotically active component of plasma. As
the major plasma protein, albumin acts as a nitrogen pool. Its role in
transporting bilirubin, bile acids, metal ions, and drugs will be markedly
affected by variations in concentrations.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">3.1-4.3 g/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Alkaline
phosphatase (adult) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Origins of the
major phosphatases are liver, bone, intestine, endometrium, and lung.
Ingestion of a meal increases the intestinal isoenzyme of alp in serum,
especially in individuals who are blood type o or b and who are
Lewis-positive secretors. Increased levels of alp may indicate increased bone
metabolism (during healing of fracture, primary and secondary
hyperparathyroidism, osteomalacia, or juvenile rickets). May also indicate bone
disease, renal disease, or liver disease. Low levels may indicate
hypothyroidism, scurvy, gross anemia, vitamin b12 deficiency or nutritional
deficiency of zinc or magnesium.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Female
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">30-100 U/liter
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Male
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">45-115 U/liter
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Androstenedione
(adult) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Androstenedione
is a major precursor in the biosynthesis of androgens and estrogens. It
is produced in adrenals and gonads and serves as prohormone for testosterone
and estrone. The test is useful in conjunction with other tests in the
evaluation and management of androgen disorders</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">50-250 ng/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Aspartate
aminotransferase (AST, SGOT) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Increased
levels may indicate liver cell necrosis or injury of any cause, including
cholestatic and obstructive jaundice, chronic hepatitis, or drug-induced
injury to liver. May also be associated with hepatic metastases and hepatoma,
necrosis or trauma to heart or skeletal muscle, inflammatory disease of heart
or skeletal muscle, heart failure, Forbes's disease, heat stroke,
hypothyroidism, intestinal obstruction, lactate acidosis, or toxic shock
syndrome. Also distinguishes neonatal hepatitis from biliary atresia.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Female
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">9-25 U/liter </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Male
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">10-40 U/liter </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Bilirubin,
direct </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">High serum
blood levels are associated with intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary tree
obstruction, hepatocellular damage, cholestasis, Dubin-Johnson syndrome, or
rotor's syndrome.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">0.0-0.4 mg/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Bilirubin,
total </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">High serum
levels may indicate hepatocellular damage (inflammatory, toxic, neoplastic),
intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary tree obstruction, hemolytic diseases,
fructose intolerance, hypothyroidism or neonatal physiological jaundice</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">0.0-1.0 mg/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Calcium </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">High blood
calcium levels may indicate primary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism,
malignant disease with bone involvement (in particular metastatic carcinoma
of the breast, lung, kidney, multiple myeloma, lymphomas, and leukemia),
vitamin d intoxication, milk-alkali syndrome, Paget's disease with
immobilization, thyrotoxicosis, acromegaly, diuretic phase of acute tubular necrosis
or dehydration. Low levels of calcium may indicate hypoparathyroidism;
vitamin d deficiency, chronic renal failure, magnesium deficiency, prolonged
anticonvulsant therapy, acute pancreatitis, anterior pituitary hypofunction,
hypoalbuminemia, or inadequate nutrition.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">8.5-10.5 mg/dl
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Carbon dioxide
content, total </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">High levels
may indicate respiratory acidosis caused by poor gas exchange or depression
of respiratory center; generalized respiratory disease; metabolic acidosis
(after severe vomiting in pyloric stenosis, hypokalemic states, or excessive
alkali intake). Low levels may indicate compensated respiratory alkalosis,
metabolic acidosis in diabetes mellitus, renal glomerular or tubular failure,
renal tubular acidosis and intestinal loss of alkali with coexisting increase
in c1 and normal anion gap</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">24-30
mmol/liter </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Chloride </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">High chloride
levels may be attributed to dehydration, renal tubular acidosis, acute renal
failure, diabetes insipidus, metabolic acidosis associated with prolonged
diarrhea with loss of nahco3, respiratory alkalosis, and some cases of
primary hyperparathyroidism. Low serum chloride levels may be due to
excessive sweating, prolonged vomiting from any cause or gastric suction,
persistent gastric secretion, salt-losing nephritis, aldosteronism, potassium
depletion associated with alkalosis, respiratory acidosis</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">100-108
mmol/liter </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Cholesterol </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">High total
cholesterol levels may indicate familial or polygenic hyperlipoproteinemia
types IIa and IIb, hyperlipidemia, hyperlipoproteinemias secondary to
hepatocellular disease, intra- and extrahepatic cholestasis, chronic renal
failure, malignant neoplasms of pancreas and prostate, hypothyroidism, gout,
ischemic heart disease, pregnancy, diabetes, alcoholism, analbuminemia,
dysglobulinemia, anorexia nervosa, idiopathic hypercalcemia, acute
intermittent porphyria, or isolated hgh deficiency. Low levels may be
associated with lipoprotein deficiency, hepatocellular necrosis, malignant
neoplasm of liver, hyperthyroidism, malabsorption, malnutrition,
megaloblastic anemias, chronic obstructive lung disease, mental retardation,
rheumatoid arthritis, or intestinal lymphangiectasia. *secondary disorders
that elevate cholesterol levels should be ruled out prior to initiating
therapy with cholesterol-lowering drugs. *factors that have variable effects
on cholesterol levels in different people include posture before and at time
of blood sampling, a recent meal, emotional stress, and menstrual cycle.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Desirable
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> < 200 mg / dl<!--200--></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Borderline
high </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">200-239 mg/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> High</span></div>
</td><td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> > 239 mg/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Creatinine </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">High serum or
plasma levels may indicate renal function impairment, both acute and chronic;
active acromegaly and gigantism, hyperthyroidism, and meat meals</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">0.6-1.5 mg/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Dehydroepiandrosterone
(DHEA) sulfate (adult) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Decreased
levels may be associated with increased age in men & women,
hyperlipidemia, psychosis, or psoriasis. Weakly androgenic</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Male
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">10-619 µg/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Female
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Premenopausal
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">12-535 µg/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Postmenopausal
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">30-260 µg/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Estradiol </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Estradiol is
the most active of endogenous estrogens. The test is of value, together with
gonadotropins, in evaluating menstrual and fertility problems in adult
females. Measurement is also useful in the evaluation of gynecomastia or
feminization states due to estrogen or producing tumors.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Female
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Menstruating
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Follicular
phase </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">50-145 pg/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Midcycle
peak </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">112-443 pg/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Luteal
phase </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">50-241 pg/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Postmenopausal
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> < 59 pg / ml<!--59--><!--59--></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Male
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> < 50 pg / ml<!--50--><!--50--></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Follicle-stimulating
hormone (FSH) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">In
hypogonadism, FSH and LH levels lower than normal for the patient's age
indicate hypothalamic or pituitary problems; higher levels indicate a primary
gonadal defect</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Female
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Menstruating
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Follicular
phase </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">3.0-20.0
U/liter </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Ovulatory
phase </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">9.0-26.0
U/liter </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Luteal
phase </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1.0-12.0
U/liter </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Postmenopausal
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">18.0-153.0
U/liter </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Male
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1.0-12.0
U/liter </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Globulin </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">High levels
may be associated with chronic hepatitis, plasma cell dyscrasias/ lymphoproliferative
disorders, cirrhosis, chronic liver diseases, chronic infections or certain
autoimmune disorders. Low levels may indicate immune deficiency or
suppression or lymphoproliferative disorder. Decreases in all fractions may
be seen in bulk loss of proteins into the gut.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">2.6-4.1 g/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Glucose,
fasting </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Serum glucose
levels may be high due to diabetes mellitus, strenuous exercise, increased
epinephrine, pancreatic disease or an endocrine disorder. A high serum level
may also be related to acute myocardial infarction or severe angina, chronic
liver disease, or chronic renal disease.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">70-110 mg/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>(gamma)-Glutamyltransferase
(GGT)</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Very high levels can be associated with
obstructive liver disease and posthepatic obstruction. Moderately high levels
may indicate liver disease (inflammation, cirrhosis, space-occupying
lesions), infectious mononucleosis, renal transplant, hyperthyroidism,
myotonic dystrophy, diabetes mellitus, pancreatitis, or alcohol-induced liver
disease. Low GGT levels will indicate hypothyroidism. *useful marker for
pancreatic cancer, prostatic cancer, and hepatoma because levels reflect
remission and recurrence.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Male
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1-94 U/liter </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Female
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1-70 U/liter </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Growth hormone
(resting) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Secretion of
GH is episodic and pulsatile; highest values occur during periods of deepest
sleep. Ability to secrete GH in response to a conventional challenge declines
with age. Random levels of GH provide little diagnostic information; GH
secretion is best assessed during tests that stimulate or suppress release.
Patients with GH-producing pituitary disorders often release GH in response
to TRH or GnRH; and patients with suspected GH deficiencies have subnormal
responses to stimulation tests (i.e. GH stimulation test after arginine,
insulin, l-dopa, glucagon, propanolol and insulin tolerance test.)</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">2-5 ng/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Hemoglobin A<sub>1C</sub></b>
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Glycated
hemoglobin concentration appears to reflect the mean blood glucose
concentration over the previous 4-8 wks. This test, while not useful
for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, has been shown to be useful in
monitoring its long-term control. Glycated hemoglobins are increased as
a reflection of hyperglycemia during the lifespan of erythrocytes</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">3.8-6.4% </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>High-density
lipoprotein cholesterol, as major risk factor </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Epidemiological
studies demonstrate the inverse association between HDL-c levels and the
incidence and prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD). It is suggested
that for every 5 mg/dl decrease in HDL-c below the mean, the risk of CHD
increases 25%. Another approach in assessing CHD risk is to calculate the
ratio of HDL-c to either LDL-c or total cholesterol. The following primary
disease states can lead to secondary decrease in HDL-c: uncontrolled
diabetes, premature coronary heart disease, hepatocellular disorders,
cholestasis, nephrotic syndrome, and chronic renal failure.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> above 40 mg/dl men<!--35--></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> above 50 mg/dl women</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Insulin </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Decreased
serum levels indicate inadequately treated type I diabetes mellitus.
High serum levels may indicate insulin overdose, insulin resistance
syndromes, or endogenous hyperinsulinemia</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">2-20 U/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Lactate
dehydrogenase (LDH) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Extremely high
levels may indicate megaloblastic and pernicious anemia, extensive
carcinomatosis, viral hepatitis, shock, hypoxia or extreme hyperthermia. Very
high levels are associated with cirrhosis, obstructive jaundice, renal
diseases, neoplastic diseases, skeletomuscular diseases, or congestive heart
failure. Mildly high levels are associated with any cellular injury that
results in loss of cytoplasm, myocardial or pulmonary infarction, leukemias,
hemolytic anemias, hepatitis (nonviral), sickle cell disease, lymphoma, renal
infarction, or acute pancreatitis.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">110-210
U/liter </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Lipoprotein(a)
</b></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">0-30 mg/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Low-density
lipoprotein cholesterol </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">LDL
encompasses all of the lipoproteins with density greater than 1.006 kg/l and
less than or equal to 1.063 kg/l. High levels may indicate primary
hyperlipoproteinemia types IIa and IIb; tendon and tuberous xanthomas,
corneal arcus, and premature coronary heart disease. The following diseases
can lead to secondary elevation of LDL-c: hyperlipoproteinemia secondary to
hypothyroidism, nephrotic syndrome, hepatic obstruction, hepatic disease,
pregnancy, anorexia nervosa, diabetes, chronic renal failure, and Cushing's
syndrome.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Desirable
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><130><!--130--><!--130--><!--130--><!--130--></130></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">mg/ dl</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Borderline
high risk </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">130-159 mg/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">High risk </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">greater than
or equal to 160 mg/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Iron</b></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">High serum
levels may indicate pernicious, aplastic, and hemolytic anemias;
hemochromatosis, acute leukemia, lead poisoning, acute hepatitis, vitamin b6
deficiency, excessive iron supplementation/therapy, repeated transfusions, or
nephritis. Low serum iron levels may indicate iron-deficiency anemia,
remission of acute and chronic infection, carcinoma, nephrosis,
hypothyroidism, or postoperative state. *symptoms of iron poisoning include
abdominal pain, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, cyanosis, lethargy, and
convulsions. Levels may vary widely for an individual within the same day or
from day to day.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">45-180 ug/dL
(MALES FEMALES).</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Luteinizing
hormone (LH) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Test used to
determine the preovulatory LH surge; also provides an integrated picture of
LH secretion throughout the day. Shows pituitary or hypothalamic impairment
or overproduction</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Female
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Menstruating
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Follicular
phase </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">2.0-15.0 </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Ovulatory
phase </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">22-105 </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Luteal
phase </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">0.6-19 </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Postmenopausal
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">16-64 </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Male
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">2.0-12.0 </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Magnesium </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Mg plays a
vital role in glucose metabolism by facilitating the formation of muscle and
liver glycogen from blood-borne glucose. Also participates as a
cofactor in the breakdown of glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids during
energy metabolism. High serum levels may indicate dehydration, renal
insufficiency, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, adrenocortical insufficiency,
Addison's disease, hypothyroidism or lupus erythematosus.
Phytate, fatty acids, and an excess of phosphate impair mg absorption.
Symptoms of deficiency usually do not occur until serum levels are above 1 meq / liter<!--1--><!--1--><!--1--><!--1--></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">1.4-2.0
meq/liter </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Phosphorus,
inorganic (adult) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Serum
phosphorus concentrations have a circadian rhythm (highest level in late
morning, lowest in evening) and are subject to rapid change secondary to
environmental factors such as diet (carbohydrate), phosphate-binding
antacids, and fluctuations in growth hormone, insulin, and renal function.
High levels may indicate osteolytic metastatic bone tumors, myelogenous
leukemia, milk-alkali syndrome, vitamin d intoxication, healing fractures,
renal failure, hypoparathyroidism, pseudohypoparathyroidism,
diabetes mellitus with ketosis, acromegaly, portal cirrhosis, pulmonary
embolism, lactic acidosis or respiratory acidosis.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">2.6-4.5 mg/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Potassium </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">High potassium
levels are associated with reduced renal excretion of potassium or
redistribution of potassium in the body (i.e. Massive hemolysis, severe
tissue damage, severe acute starvation-anorexia nervosa, hyperkinetic
activity, malignant hyperpyrexia following anesthesia, hyperkalemic periodic
paralysis, and dehydration).</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">3.4-4.8
mmol/liter </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Progesterone </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">The diagnostic
value of this test lies in its detection of ovulation and in the evaluation
of the function of the corpus luteum. Serial sampling during the
menstrual cycle is required. During menopause, levels drop to 0</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Female
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Follicular
phase </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">< 1 ng / ml<!--1--><!--1--><!--1--></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Midluteal
phase </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">3-20 ng/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Male
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">< 1 ng / ml<!--1--><!--1--><!--1--></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Prolactin </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">May help
assess Prolactin reserve and abnormal Prolactin secretion by the pituitary.
May indicate pituitary tumors.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Female
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Premenopausal
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">0-20 ng/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Postmenopausal
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">0-15 ng/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Male
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">0-15 ng/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Prostate-specific
antigen (PSA) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">PSA is
prostate-tissue specific, not prostate-cancer specific. Used for early
detection of the recurrence of prostatic cancer. The test is of great value
as a marker in the follow-up of patients at high risk for disease
progression. PSA values increase with age.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Female
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> 0<!--0--><!--0--><!--0--></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Male
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> less than 40 years of age<!--40--><!--40--><!--40--><!--40--></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">0.0-2.0 ng/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> greater
than or equal to 40 yr old </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">0.0-4.0 ng/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Prostate-specific
antigen (PSA), free</b>, in males 45-75 yr old, with PSA values between 4 and 20
ng/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> above 25%
associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Protein, total
</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">High blood
levels may be associated with anabolic steroid use, androgens,
corticosteroids, coritcotropin, epinephrine, insulin, progesterone, or
thyroid preparations. Severe protein deficiency, chronic liver disease,
malabsorption syndrome, and malnutrition may also lead to abnormal levels.
Serum total protein decreases in the third trimester of pregnancy.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">6.0-8.0 g/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Sodium </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">High serum
levels are associated with water loss in excess of salt through skin, lungs,
GI tract, and kidneys. Also may indicate increased renal sodium conservation
in hyperaldosteronism, Cushing's syndrome or disease, inadequate water intake
because of inadequate thirst mechanism, dehydration, or excessive saline
therapy. Low sodium levels may indicate low sodium intake, sodium losses due
to vomiting, diarrhea, excessive sweating with adequate water intake and
inadequate salt replacement, diuretics abuse, or salt-losing nephropathy</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">135-145
mmol/liter </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Somatomedin C
(Insulin-like growth factor I) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Blood
concentrations of IGF-1 are constant during the day and after eating. In acromegaly,
the test may serve as an indicator of the severity of the disease; serial
determinations may be used to monitor efficacy of treatment. In dwarfism
IGF-1 may be used to determine the response to GH therapy. Concentrations of
IGF-1 rise during the first year of life, reaching the highest values in
preadolescent or early adolescent years. Normal values tend to decline
progressively until age 50</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> 16-24
yr </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">182-780 ng/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> 25-39
yr </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">114-492 ng/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> 40-54
yr </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">90-360 ng/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> > 54
yr </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">71-290 ng/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Testosterone,
total (morning sample)</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">This test is a
measure of total circulating testosterone, both protein bound and free. In
adult men, serum levels peak in the early morning, decreasing 25% to the
evening minimum. Levels increase after exercise and decrease after
immobilization and after glucose load. Progressive decreases begin after age
50</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Female
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">6-86 ng/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Male
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">270-1070 ng/dl
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Testosterone,
unbound (morning sample) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Free
(nonprotein-bound) testosterone is independent of changes in concentrations
of the principal testosterone transport protein, sex hormone-binding
globulin.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Female
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> 20-40
yr </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">0.6-3.1 pg/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> 41-60
yr </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">0.4-2.5 pg/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> 61-80
yr </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">0.2-2.0 pg/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Male
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> 20-40
yr </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">15.0-40.0
pg/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> 41-60
yr </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">13.0-35.0
pg/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> 61-80
yr </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">12.0-28.0
pg/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Thyroid-stimulating
hormone (TSH) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">First-line
test for hyper- and hypothyroidism. Test is considered by some to be the
preferred screening test for evaluation of thyrometabolic states. Moderately
high TSH is often found in euthyroid patients during treatment of
hyperthyroidism.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">0.5-5.0 U/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Thyroxine,
total (T<sub>4</sub>) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Used in
conjunction with other tests to measure thryoid function. T<sub>4</sub>
testing is frequently used when TSH levels are abnormally high or low. In
hypothyroidism, total serum t<sub>4</sub> falls before t<sub>3</sub>. High
serum levels may represent hyperthyroidism.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">4.5-10.9 g/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Transferrin </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Transferrin is
the major plasma transport protein for iron. High serum levels may
indicate iron deficiency (high levels often precede the appearance of anemia
by days to months). Serum ferritin levels fall with iron deficiency and
with generalized malnutrition but remain normal in the presence of
inflammation and iron deficiency</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">191-365 mg/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Triglycerides
(fasting) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Increased
triglyceride levels indicate hyperlipoproteinemia types I, IIb, III, IV, and
V due to familial or sporadic endogenous hypertriglyceridemia. The following
primary disease states or conditions can lead to secondary elevation of
triglycerides: obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, viral hepatitis,
alcoholism, alcoholic cirrhosis, biliary cirrhosis, acute and chronic
pancreatitis, extrahepatic biliary obstruction, nephrotic syndrome, chronic
renal failure, essential hypertension, acute myocardial infarction, chronic
ischemic heart disease, cerebral thrombosis, hypothyroidism, diabetes
mellitus, gout, pregnancy, glycogen storage diseases types I, II, III, and
IV, down syndrome, respiratory distress syndrome, Werner's syndrome, anorexia
nervosa, or idiopathic hypercalcemia. Low levels of triglycerides may
indicate chronic obstructive lung disease, brain infarction, hyperthyroidism,
hyperparathyroidism, lactosuria, malnutrition, malabsorption syndrome,
intestinal lymphangiectasia or end-stage parenchymal liver disease.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">40-150 mg/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Triiodothyronine,
total (T<sub>3</sub>) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Used in
conjunction with other tests to measure thyroid function. High serum
levels may indicate hyperthyroidism while low levels may indicate
hypothyroidism. At least 80% of circulating T<sub>3</sub> is derived
from monodeiodination of T<sub>4</sub> in peripheral tissues. T<sub>3</sub>
is 4 to 5 times more potent in biological systems than T<sub>4</sub></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">60-181 ng/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Urea nitrogen
(BUN) (adult) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">High serum
blood levels may indicate impaired kidney function associated with an
increase with age or protein content of diet.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">8-25 mg/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Uric acid </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">High serum
levels may indicate gout, renal failure, leukemia, lymphoma, psoriasis,
polycythemia, multiple myeloma, kidney disease, and or chronic lead
nephropathy. Associated with hyperlipidemia, obesity, hypertension,
arteriosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, hypoparathyroidism, acromegaly, and
liver disease.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Male
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">3.6-8.5 mg/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Female
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">2.3-6.6 mg/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background: #E6E6E6; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #E6E6E6; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Differential
blood count</b></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Reference
Range </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Neutrophils
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">45-75% </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Bands
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">0-5% </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Lymphocytes
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">16-46% </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Monocytes
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">4-11% </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Eosinophils
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">0-8% </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Basophils
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">0-3% </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Erythrocyte
count </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Red Blood Cell
count; filled with hemoglobin and specialized for carrying O<sub>2</sub> and
CO<sub>2</sub> (adult) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Male
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">4.50-5.30 X 10<sup>6</sup>/mm<sup>3</sup>
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Female
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">4.10-5.10 X 10<sup>6</sup>/mm<sup>3</sup>
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Ferritin </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Surplus iron
is stored as Ferritin, primarily in the liver</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Male
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">30-300 ng/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Female
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">10-200 ng/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Folate (folic
acid) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Water soluble
vitamin involved with amino acid metabolism & transfer of single-carbon
units in nucleic acid</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Normal
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">3.1-17.5 ng/ml
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Borderline
deficient </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">2.2-3.0 ng/ml </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Deficient
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> < 2 ng / ml<!--2--><!--2--><!--2--></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Excessive </span></div>
</td><td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> above 17.5 ng/ml
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Hematocrit
(adult) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">% of Red Blood
Cells present in total blood</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Male
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">37.0-49.0 </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Female
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">36.0-46.0 </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Hemoglobin
(adult) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Oxygen-carrying
compound of blood. Numerical value of hemoglobin present in Red Blood
Cells</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Male
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">13.0-18.0 g/dl
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Female
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">12.0-16.0 g/dl
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Iron </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Constituent of
hemoglobin (transport of oxygen in blood) and enzymes involved in energy
metabolism</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">30-160 g/dl </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Leukocyte
count (WBC) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">White Blood
Cell (WBC); Central to the immune system that defends against infection</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">4.5-11.0X10<sup>3</sup>/mm<sup>3</sup>
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Mean
corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Value is
calculated from hemoglobin and erythrocyte count. MCH= Erc÷Hb</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">25.0-35.0
pg/cell </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Mean corpuscular
hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Mean cell
hemoglobin concentration is calculated from Hb and hematocrit (Hct) </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">MCHC=
Hct÷Hb</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">31.0-37.0 g/dl
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Mean
corpuscular volume (MCV) (adult) </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Mean cell
volume may not be reliable when a large number of abnormal erythroctes or a
dimorphic population of erythrocytes is present. It may also be calculated
from the hematocrit and erythrocyte count </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">MCV= Erc÷Hct</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Male
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">78-100 m<sup>3</sup>
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"> Female
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">78-102 m<sup>3</sup>
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;"><b>Platelet count
</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Helps mediate
the blood clotting that prevents loss of blood after injury</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">150-350X10<sup>3</sup>/mm<sup>3</sup>
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 353.4pt;" valign="top" width="589"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Platelet, mean
volume </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: inset #111111 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt; width: 110.4pt;" valign="top" width="184"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 10pt;">6.4-11.0 m<sup>3</sup>
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
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